Prescrire Int. 2002 Oct;11(61):152-5.
(1) Scabies is due to a parasite, Sarcoptes scabiei hominis, that colonises the human epidermis. It can affect people of all ages, regardless of their socioeconomic status. (2) Common scabies in adults causes sometimes intense pruritus and skin lesions with a characteristic aspect and distribution. The lesions are often more extensive in children. (3) Crusted (hyperkeratotic) scabies, a severe and highly contagious form, mainly occurs in immunocompromised patients. (4) Scabies lesions are often atypical in elderly patients. (5) The diagnosis of common scabies is generally based on clinical findings. Atypical forms can be diagnosed by direct examination of skin scrapings for parasites. (6) Topical treatment is based on insecticides. 5% permethrin is recommended in reference textbooks. Benzyl benzoate (possibly combined with sulfiram) is poorly evaluated. (7) Scabies can be treated more easily with ivermectin, an oral antiparasitic agent.
(1) 疥疮由一种寄生于人体表皮的寄生虫——人疥螨引起。它可影响所有年龄段的人，无论其社会经济地位如何。(2) 成人常见疥疮有时会引起剧烈瘙痒和具有特征性外观及分布的皮肤损害。儿童的损害通常更广泛。(3) 结痂性（角化过度型）疥疮是一种严重且传染性很强的类型，主要发生于免疫功能低下的患者。(4) 老年患者的疥疮损害通常不典型。(5) 普通疥疮的诊断一般基于临床表现。非典型类型可通过直接检查皮肤刮片以查找寄生虫来诊断。(6) 局部治疗基于使用杀虫剂。参考教科书中推荐使用5%氯菊酯。苯甲酸苄酯（可能与丁苯硫脲联合使用）的评价不佳。(7) 口服抗寄生虫药伊维菌素可更轻松地治疗疥疮。
