Dana N, Ogle B
Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Centre, PO Box 32, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2002 Sep;34(5):417-29. doi: 10.1023/a:1020052428067.
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of scavenging on diet selection and the comparative performance of Rhode Island Red and Fayoumi breeds of chicken. The breeds were compared under three feeding/management regimes: (1) a choice of ground noug cake and cracked maize, with confinement; (2) a choice of ground noug cake and cracked maize, but being allowed to scavenge for about 6 h; and (3) a commercial layer mash, with confinement. Scavenging did not change the pattern of diet selection. About 90% of the daily intake of both the confined and scavenging birds under choice feeding comprised maize. The efficiency of feed utilization and nutrient intake were also similar in these groups. The Fayoumi were more efficient in terms of feed conversion, although the egg production performance of the two breeds did not vary significantly. Scavenging hens had a significantly lower egg production than the birds under confinement offered a choice of feeds. Scavenging significantly increased the mortality in both breeds. In conclusion, scavenging affected the performance adversely and, despite the provision of a choice of feed providing a source of energy and protein, both the scavenging and confined birds on choice feeding failed to eat sufficient to meet their protein requirements.
进行了一项实验，以评估自由觅食对鸡的饮食选择及罗德岛红鸡和法尤米鸡品种生长性能的影响。在三种饲养/管理方式下对这两个品种进行了比较：（1）提供磨碎的努格饼和碎玉米，圈养；（2）提供磨碎的努格饼和碎玉米，但允许自由觅食约6小时；（3）提供商品蛋鸡混合料，圈养。自由觅食并未改变饮食选择模式。在自由采食情况下，圈养和自由觅食的鸡每日摄入量的约90%均为玉米。这些组的饲料利用效率和养分摄入量也相似。尽管两个品种的产蛋性能差异不显著，但法尤米鸡在饲料转化率方面更高。自由觅食的母鸡产蛋量显著低于圈养且提供饲料选择的鸡。自由觅食显著增加了两个品种的死亡率。总之，自由觅食对生长性能有不利影响，并且尽管提供了能量和蛋白质来源的饲料选择，但自由觅食和圈养且自由采食的鸡均未摄入足够食物以满足其蛋白质需求。
