Tähtinen Vilja, Weber Ekkehard, Günther Dagmar, Ylönen Anne, Kalkkinen Nisse, Olsen Randi, Järvinen Mikko, Söderström Karl-Ove, Rinne Ari, Björklund Harry, Bøgwald Jarl
Norwegian College of Fishery Science, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway.
Cell Tissue Res. 2002 Nov;310(2):213-22. doi: 10.1007/s00441-002-0627-7. Epub 2002 Aug 28.
Tissue localization of cysteine proteinases (cathepsins) and their inhibitors (salarin, salmon kininogen) was performed in tissues of the Atlantic salmon. In skin, both epidermis and dermis were strongly stained by antisera against salarin and salmon kininogen. In epidermis the intercellular space seemed to be heavily stained (salarin). In kidney, the inhibitors were mainly localized to the interstitial capillaries. Also, some epithelial cells of the tubules (salarin) and some cells of the interstitium were stained. Mostly, the staining had a diffuse cytoplasmic localization. In the liver some hepatocytes were strongly positive for salarin and salmon kininogen. Purified fish cysteine proteinase inhibitors were not found to inhibit the growth of fish pathogenic bacteria and viruses. In the trunk kidney cathepsins B and L were localized in epithelial cells of the tubules (proximal part) and in cells of the interstitium. Mostly, the staining showed a prominent lysosomal localization. In head kidney large macrophage-like cells were positively stained for cathepsin B. The staining was localized to granula/vacuoles in the cytoplasm. In the liver, some hepatocytes were strongly stained and some were less strongly positive for cathepsin B and L. Mostly, the hepatocytes showed lysosomal staining. Cathepsin L was found in some big macrophage-like cells in the spleen. Mucosal epithelial cells of the esophagus and intestine seemed to be strongly stained for cathepsin B and L. The results show that cathepsins and their inhibitors are specifically and widely distributed in the Atlantic salmon skin indicating that they perform some biologically important and specific but so far unknown functions.
在大西洋鲑鱼的组织中进行了半胱氨酸蛋白酶（组织蛋白酶）及其抑制剂（沙林、鲑鱼激肽原）的组织定位。在皮肤中，抗沙林和鲑鱼激肽原的抗血清对表皮和真皮均有强烈染色。在表皮中，细胞间隙似乎被强烈染色（沙林）。在肾脏中，抑制剂主要定位于间质毛细血管。此外，肾小管的一些上皮细胞（沙林）和间质的一些细胞也被染色。大多数情况下，染色呈弥漫性细胞质定位。在肝脏中，一些肝细胞对沙林和鲑鱼激肽原呈强阳性。未发现纯化的鱼半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂能抑制鱼病原菌和病毒的生长。在躯干肾中，组织蛋白酶B和L定位于肾小管（近端部分）的上皮细胞和间质细胞中。大多数情况下，染色显示出明显的溶酶体定位。在头肾中，大型巨噬细胞样细胞对组织蛋白酶B呈阳性染色。染色定位于细胞质中的颗粒/液泡。在肝脏中，一些肝细胞被强烈染色，一些对组织蛋白酶B和L呈弱阳性。大多数情况下，肝细胞显示溶酶体染色。在脾脏的一些大型巨噬细胞样细胞中发现了组织蛋白酶L。食管和肠道的黏膜上皮细胞似乎对组织蛋白酶B和L有强烈染色。结果表明，组织蛋白酶及其抑制剂在大西洋鲑鱼皮肤中特异性且广泛分布，表明它们执行一些生物学上重要且特定但迄今未知的功能。
