一项针对头虱患者使用1%氯菊酯乳膏洗剂并辅以梳发或不辅以梳发的观察者盲法研究。

An observer-blinded study of 1% permethrin creme rinse with and without adjunctive combing in patients with head lice.

作者信息

Meinking Terri L, Clineschmidt Coleen M, Chen Cong, Kolber Michael A, Tipping Robert W, Furtek Christine I, Villar Maria Elena, Guzzo Cynthia A

机构信息

Department of Dermatology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Florida 33101, USA.

出版信息

J Pediatr. 2002 Nov;141(5):665-70. doi: 10.1067/mpd.2002.129031.

DOI:10.1067/mpd.2002.129031

PMID:12410195

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

To determine if NIX (Warner Lambert Healthcare, Morris Plains, NJ) 1% Permethrin Creme Rinse Lice Treatment (1% PLT) without combing will effectively treat >/=95% of patients on day 2 or on day 15; to determine whether combing influences efficacy.

STUDY DESIGN

A randomized, observer-blinded study enrolled 95 infested adults and children. All patients were treated with 1% PLT on day 1 and, if still infested, on day 8. One third of households were randomized to the combing group and two thirds to the no-combing group. Efficacy was assessed by: (1) visual inspection on days 1, 2, 8, 9, and 15 and, (2) shampooing/straining on days 2, 9, and 15. The target efficacy was 95%.

RESULTS

In the no-combing group, the lice-free rate was 83.1% on day 2 (95% CI, 71.0-91.6), 45.8% on day 8 (before second treatment) (95% CI, 32.7-59.2), 77.6% on day 9 (95% CI, 64.7-87.5), and 78.3% on day 15 (95% CI, 65.8-87.9). Adjunctive combing did not improve efficacy on any day.

CONCLUSIONS

In this population, 1% PLT was significantly less than 95% effective and suggests resistance to 1% PLT. The failure of nit removal combing by nonprofessional caregivers to improve efficacy demonstrates the unreliability of combing as adjunctive treatment in this setting.

摘要

目的

确定不含梳发步骤的NIX（华纳-兰伯特医疗保健公司，新泽西州莫里斯平）1%氯菊酯乳膏洗剂（1% PLT）能否在第2天或第15天有效治疗≥95%的患者；确定梳发是否会影响疗效。

研究设计

一项随机、观察者盲法研究纳入了95名受虱子感染的成人和儿童。所有患者在第1天接受1% PLT治疗，若仍有感染，则在第8天再次治疗。三分之一的家庭被随机分配到梳发组，三分之二被分配到不梳发组。通过以下方式评估疗效：（1）在第1、2、8、9和15天进行目视检查，以及（2）在第2、9和15天进行洗发/过滤。目标疗效为95%。

结果

在不梳发组中，第2天无虱率为83.1%（95%置信区间，71.0 - 91.6），第8天（第二次治疗前）为45.8%（95%置信区间，32.7 - 59.2），第9天为77.6%（95%置信区间，64.7 - 87.5），第15天为78.3%（95%置信区间，65.8 - 87.9）。辅助梳发在任何一天都未提高疗效。