Orlando Ludovic, Bonjean Dominique, Bocherens Herve, Thenot Aurelie, Argant Alain, Otte Marcel, Hänni Catherine
CNRS UMR 5534, Centre de Genetique Moleculaire et Cellulaire, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.
Mol Biol Evol. 2002 Nov;19(11):1920-33. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a004016.
The cave bear spread from Western Europe to the Near East during the Riss glaciation (250 KYA) before becoming extinct approximately 12 KYA. During that period, the climatic conditions were highly dynamic, oscillating between glacial and temperate episodes. Such events have constrained the geographic repartition of species, the movements of populations and shaped their genetic diversity. We retrieved and analyzed ancient DNA from 21 samples from five European caves ranging from 40 to 130 KYA. Combined with available data, our data set accounts for a total of 41 sequences of cave bear, coming from 18 European caves. We distinguish four haplogroups at the level of the mitochondrial DNA control region. The large population size of cave bear could account for the maintenance of such polymorphism. Extensive gene flow seems to have connected European populations because two haplogroups cover wide geographic areas. Furthermore, the extensive sampling of the deposits of the Scladina cave located in Belgium allowed us to correlate changes in climatic conditions with the intrapopulational genetic diversity over 90 KY.
洞熊在里斯冰期（25万年前）从西欧扩散到近东，大约在1.2万年前灭绝。在那个时期，气候条件高度多变，在冰川期和温带期之间振荡。这些事件限制了物种的地理分布、种群的迁移，并塑造了它们的遗传多样性。我们从五个欧洲洞穴的21个样本中提取并分析了4万至13万年前的古代DNA。结合现有数据，我们的数据集共有来自18个欧洲洞穴的41个洞熊序列。我们在线粒体DNA控制区水平上区分出四个单倍群。洞熊的庞大种群规模可能是这种多态性得以维持的原因。广泛的基因流动似乎连接了欧洲的种群，因为两个单倍群覆盖了广阔的地理区域。此外，对比利时斯克拉迪纳洞穴沉积物的广泛采样使我们能够将气候条件的变化与9万多年来的种群内遗传多样性联系起来。
