Desai Amar A, Latta E Timothy, Spaulding Anne, Rich Josiah D, Flanigan Timothy P
Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI 02906, USA.
AIDS Educ Prev. 2002 Oct;14(5 Suppl B):45-52. doi: 10.1521/aeap.14.7.45.23867.
Routine HIV testing in the correctional setting offered to all inmates at entry has played an important role in the diagnosis of HIV in Rhode Island. Diagnosis and treatment of HIV in prisons can further public health goals of HIV control, prevention, and education. Routine HIV testing can be incorporated into primary and secondary prevention programs in correctional facilities. In Rhode Island, where HIV testing is routine at entry into the correctional facility, approximately one third of all persons who test positive are identified in the correctional facility. The proportion of males and females testing positive in the correctional facility versus those testing positive in other facilities has shown a gradual decrease, with positive female HIV tests declining more substantially in recent years. Specific groups, such as males, African Americans, and injection drug users continue to be more likely diagnosed in the state correctional facility than in other testing sites. These differences may reflect barriers to health care access that other community initiatives have failed to address.
在惩教机构中，对所有入狱人员进行常规艾滋病毒检测在罗德岛州的艾滋病毒诊断中发挥了重要作用。监狱中艾滋病毒的诊断和治疗有助于实现艾滋病毒控制、预防和教育的公共卫生目标。常规艾滋病毒检测可纳入惩教设施的一级和二级预防计划。在罗德岛州，进入惩教设施时进行常规艾滋病毒检测，所有检测呈阳性的人中约有三分之一是在惩教设施中被确诊的。与在其他设施中检测呈阳性的人相比，惩教设施中男性和女性检测呈阳性的比例呈逐渐下降趋势，近年来女性艾滋病毒检测呈阳性的人数下降更为显著。特定群体，如男性、非裔美国人以及注射吸毒者，在州惩教设施中被诊断出感染艾滋病毒的可能性仍然高于其他检测地点。这些差异可能反映出其他社区举措未能解决的医疗保健获取障碍。
