Wernegreen Jennifer J
Josephine Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA.
Nat Rev Genet. 2002 Nov;3(11):850-61. doi: 10.1038/nrg931.
Many insect species rely on intracellular bacterial symbionts for their viability and fecundity. Large-scale DNA-sequence analyses are revealing the forces that shape the evolution of these bacterial associates and the genetic basis of their specialization to an intracellular lifestyle. The full genome sequences of two obligate mutualists, Buchnera aphidicola of aphids and Wigglesworthia glossinidia of tsetse flies, reveal substantial gene loss and an integration of host and symbiont metabolic functions. Further genomic comparisons should reveal the generality of these features among bacterial mutualists and the extent to which they are shared with other intracellular bacteria, including obligate pathogens.
许多昆虫物种依靠细胞内的细菌共生体来维持生存和繁殖能力。大规模的DNA序列分析正在揭示塑造这些细菌共生体进化的力量以及它们适应细胞内生活方式的遗传基础。两种专性共生菌——蚜虫的内共生菌蚜虫布赫纳氏菌和采采蝇的舌蝇威氏菌的全基因组序列，揭示了大量的基因丢失以及宿主和共生体代谢功能的整合。进一步的基因组比较应该会揭示这些特征在细菌共生体中的普遍性，以及它们与包括专性病原体在内的其他细胞内细菌的共享程度。
