Assadian O, Apfalter P, Assadian A, Makristathis A, Daxboeck F, Koller W, Hirschl A M
Clinical Institute for Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, University of Vienna Division of Hospital Hygiene, University Hospital Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2002 Oct;21(10):743-7. doi: 10.1007/s10096-002-0808-z. Epub 2002 Oct 2.
In order to elucidate trends in the incidence and susceptibility profiles of causative agents of bacteremia/fungemia in nine surgical intensive care units, a total of 744 isolates obtained during a 5-year period (1996-2000) were studied. The isolates included 698 bacteria and 46 fungi obtained from 523 positive blood cultures, representing 317 episodes of bacteremia/fungemia. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus accounted for 2.3 episodes per 1000 surgical ICU admissions in 1996, 1.6 in 1997, 0.3 in 1998, 0.6 in 1999, and 1.7 in 2000. One Enterococcus faecalis (VanA) isolate resistant to both vancomycin and teicoplanin was recovered in 1996. Ciprofloxacin resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa decreased from 36% in 1996 to 20% in 2000, and resistance to third-generation cephalosporins decreased from 40% in 1996 to 9% in 2000. In light of differences between these results and those found elsewhere, these findings might prove useful for making infection control policy decisions in intensive care units.
为了阐明9个外科重症监护病房中菌血症/真菌血症病原体的发病率和药敏谱趋势，我们研究了在5年期间（1996 - 2000年）获得的744株分离菌。这些分离菌包括从523份阳性血培养物中获得的698株细菌和46株真菌，代表了317例菌血症/真菌血症发作。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌在1996年每1000例外科重症监护病房入院患者中的发作次数为2.3次，1997年为1.6次，1998年为0.3次，1999年为0.6次，2000年为1.7次。1996年分离出1株对万古霉素和替考拉宁均耐药的粪肠球菌（VanA）。铜绿假单胞菌对环丙沙星的耐药率从1996年的36%降至2000年的20%，对第三代头孢菌素的耐药率从1996年的40%降至2000年的9%。鉴于这些结果与其他地方的结果存在差异，这些发现可能有助于制定重症监护病房的感染控制政策决策。
