Kieszak Stephanie M, Naeher Luke P, Rubin Carol S, Needham Larry L, Backer Lorraine, Barr Dana, McGeehin Michael
Division of Environmental Hazards and Health Effects, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 2002 Nov;12(6):404-8. doi: 10.1038/sj.jea.7500242.
Concerns about pesticide exposure through food consumption have increased during the past several years. The main objective of our study was to determine whether we could use data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) to detect a relation between self-reported food consumption--particularly consumption of fruits, vegetables, and bread products--and urinary levels of pesticides or their metabolites in a population of 978 adults living in the US. A secondary objective was to investigate whether these urine levels differed for people who reported exposure to selected common household chemicals including bug or insect spray, weed killer, and mothballs or crystals. We used monthly food frequency data from the NHANES III, 1988-1994. Urinary pesticide/metabolite levels and information about chemical exposures were taken from the Priority Toxicant Reference Range Study (a component of the NHANES III). Six pesticides or their metabolites were detected in at least 50% of the sample, three of which--1-naphthol (86.4%), pentachlorophenol (62.5%), and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (82.0%)--were possibly related to food consumption. We were unable to detect a relation between self-reported food consumption and their urinary levels. This may be due more to the limitations of the datasets than to a lack of a relation between food consumption and urine pesticide/metabolite levels. We did find that people who reported recently using selected common chemicals had higher geometric mean urine pesticide/metabolite levels than did people who reported not recently using these chemicals.
在过去几年中，人们对通过食物摄入农药的担忧有所增加。我们研究的主要目的是确定能否利用第三次全国健康与营养检查调查（NHANES III）的数据，来检测978名居住在美国的成年人自我报告的食物摄入量（特别是水果、蔬菜和面包产品的摄入量）与尿液中农药或其代谢物水平之间的关系。次要目的是调查报告接触选定常见家用化学品（包括杀虫剂或防虫喷雾、除草剂以及樟脑丸或樟脑晶体）的人群，其尿液中这些物质的水平是否存在差异。我们使用了NHANES III在1988 - 1994年期间的月度食物频率数据。尿液中农药/代谢物水平以及化学品接触信息取自优先有毒物质参考范围研究（NHANES III的一个组成部分）。在至少50%的样本中检测到了六种农药或其代谢物，其中三种——1 - 萘酚（86.4%）、五氯苯酚（62.5%）和3,5,6 - 三氯 - 2 - 吡啶醇（82.0%）——可能与食物摄入有关。我们未能检测到自我报告的食物摄入量与其尿液水平之间的关系。这可能更多是由于数据集的局限性，而非食物摄入量与尿液中农药/代谢物水平之间缺乏关联。我们确实发现，报告近期使用选定常见化学品的人群，其尿液中农药/代谢物的几何平均水平高于报告近期未使用这些化学品的人群。
