Norup Pia Würtzen, Kufahl Jan W, Feilberg Jens Bülow, Olsen Tom Skyhøj
Neurologisk afdeling, Amtssygehuset i Gentofte, DK-2900 Hellerup.
Ugeskr Laeger. 2002 Oct 14;164(42):4934-7.
We performed a retrospective study of 145 consecutive patients referred on suspicion of dementia. We were particularly interested in the occurrence of reversible dementia. Dementia was defined with reference to the ICD-10 criteria.
All patients underwent a clinical neurological examination, a battery of blood tests, and a CT scan of the brain.
Dementia was found in 63% and in only 4% was it potentially reversible: Three patients had subnormal cobalamin and one patient had normal pressure hydrocephalus. However, treatment did not influence the state of dementia. Hence, patients with reversible dementia were not identified in this study. In the group without dementia one patient had a meningoma. Mental depression was the most common "second" diagnosis in both groups.
The number of patients with potential dementia was surprisingly small. We conclude that most patients with reversible dementia are detected by their general practitioner and that the majority of patients suspected of dementia can be diagnosed by the general practitioner, especially if access to CT scans is further liberalised.
我们对145例因疑似痴呆症而转诊的连续患者进行了一项回顾性研究。我们特别关注可逆性痴呆症的发生情况。痴呆症是参照国际疾病分类第10版（ICD - 10）标准定义的。
所有患者均接受了临床神经学检查、一系列血液检查以及脑部CT扫描。
63%的患者被诊断为痴呆症，其中仅有4%可能是可逆性的：3例患者钴胺素水平低于正常，1例患者患有正常压力脑积水。然而，治疗并未影响痴呆状态。因此，本研究未发现可逆性痴呆症患者。在无痴呆症组中，有1例患者患有脑膜瘤。精神抑郁是两组中最常见的“次要”诊断。
潜在痴呆症患者的数量出奇地少。我们得出结论，大多数可逆性痴呆症患者是由其全科医生发现的，并且大多数疑似痴呆症的患者可以由全科医生诊断出来，特别是如果进一步放宽CT扫描的使用权限。
