Ng B K, Kelly J D
Int J Zoonoses. 1975 Dec;2(2):76-91.
Man has acquired helminth infections at different times during his evolutionary history and animals have and do serve an important role in supplementing these acquisitions. Helminth species are divided into those which accompanied man as he emerger as a species and those which he has since acquired from domestic, wild and domiciliated animals by breakdown of ecological, physiological and immunological barriers (Sprent 1969). With particular reference to helminth zoonoses transmitted through domesticated animals, the role played by dogs and cats in disease transmission to man (in urban environments) has been largely overlooked. In the Australasian region, the most important helminth zoonoses transmitted by dogs and cats in heavily urbanised areas as Toxocara sp., Ancylostoma sp. and Dirofilaria immitis. The prevalence, geographic distribution and major epidemiological considerations for each parasite are discussed with the view that future control and/or eradication programs should be based on a sound epidemiological understanding of the natural life history of the helminths concerned.
在人类进化历史的不同时期，人类感染了蠕虫，动物过去和现在都在补充这些感染方面发挥着重要作用。蠕虫种类分为两类，一类是随着人类作为一个物种出现而伴随人类的，另一类是人类后来通过生态、生理和免疫屏障的破坏从家养、野生和驯化动物身上获得的（斯普伦特，1969年）。特别是通过家畜传播的蠕虫人畜共患病，狗和猫在（城市环境中）向人类传播疾病方面所起的作用在很大程度上被忽视了。在澳大拉西亚地区，在高度城市化地区，狗和猫传播的最重要的蠕虫人畜共患病是犬弓蛔虫属、钩口线虫属和犬恶丝虫。讨论了每种寄生虫的流行情况、地理分布和主要流行病学考量，认为未来的控制和/或根除计划应基于对相关蠕虫自然生活史的充分流行病学理解。
