Marion Jeffrey L, Farrell Tracy A
US Geological Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Cooperative Park Studies Unit, Virginia Tech, Department of Forestry, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
J Environ Manage. 2002 Oct;66(2):201-12. doi: 10.1006/jema.2002.0584.
This study assessed campsite conditions and the effectiveness of campsite impact management strategies at Isle Royale National Park, USA. Protocols for assessing indicators of vegetation and soil conditions were developed and applied to 156 campsites and 88 shelters within 36 backcountry campgrounds. The average site was 68 m2 and 83% of sites lost vegetation over areas less than 47 m2. We believe that management actions implemented to spatially concentrate camping activities and reduce camping disturbance have been highly successful. Comparisons of disturbed area/overnight stay among other protected areas reinforces this assertion. These reductions in area of camping disturbance are attributed to a designated site camping policy, limitation on site numbers, construction of sites in sloping terrain, use of facilities, and an ongoing program of campsite maintenance. Such actions are most appropriate in higher use backcountry and wilderness settings.
本研究评估了美国皇家岛国家公园露营地的状况以及露营地影响管理策略的有效性。制定了评估植被和土壤状况指标的方案，并将其应用于36个偏远露营地内的156个露营地和88个庇护所。平均每个露营地面积为68平方米，83%的露营地在面积小于47平方米的区域出现了植被损失。我们认为，为在空间上集中露营活动并减少露营干扰而实施的管理行动非常成功。与其他保护区的露营干扰面积/过夜人数的比较强化了这一观点。露营干扰面积的减少归因于指定地点露营政策、场地数量限制、在斜坡地形建造场地、设施使用以及持续的露营地维护计划。这些行动在使用频率较高的偏远地区和荒野环境中最为合适。
