Rottem Menachem
Harefuah. 2002 Oct;141(10):891-2, 930.
Asthma often appears early in life as one of the target organs in the allergic process. Allergic rhinitis and asthma are linked by epidemiologic, histologic, physiologic, and immunopathologic characteristics. Identifying risk factors for sensitization and subsequent development of wheezing has significant implications for the prevention and treatment of asthma. A family history of atopy and early sensitization to house dust mites especially increase the risk, while early exposure to infections may reduce the risk. Inner city children have generally increased risk for asthma compared to children raised in rural areas. In a recent study in Israel inner city asthmatic children were more allergic to both indoor and outdoor allergens than rural asthmatic children. A further study is indicated to examine the prevalence of asthma among allergic children. The allergic part of the evaluation of risk factors in asthmatic patients should be examined. The elimination of the offending trigger or decreased exposure can be very helpful in reducing the symptoms requiring medication and long-term effects of the inflammatory process in asthma.
哮喘常在生命早期出现，是过敏过程中的靶器官之一。变应性鼻炎和哮喘在流行病学、组织学、生理学及免疫病理学特征方面存在关联。识别致敏及随后发生喘息的危险因素对哮喘的预防和治疗具有重要意义。特应性家族史以及早期对屋尘螨致敏尤其会增加风险，而早期接触感染可能会降低风险。与在农村地区长大的儿童相比，城市中心区儿童患哮喘的风险总体上更高。在以色列最近的一项研究中，城市中心区的哮喘儿童比农村哮喘儿童对室内和室外过敏原的过敏程度更高。有必要开展进一步研究以调查过敏儿童中的哮喘患病率。应检查哮喘患者危险因素评估中的过敏因素部分。消除引发因素或减少接触对减轻需要药物治疗的症状以及哮喘炎症过程的长期影响非常有帮助。
