Goodyear-Bruch Caryl, Pierce Janet D
Nurse Anesthesia Education, University of Kansas, Kansas City, USA.
Am J Crit Care. 2002 Nov;11(6):543-51; quiz 552-3.
Oxygen-derived free radicals play an important role in the development of disease in critically ill patients. Normally, oxygen free radicals are neutralized by antioxidants such as vitamin E or enzymes such as superoxide dismutase. However, in patients who require intensive care, oxygen free radicals become a problem when either a decrease in the removal or an overproduction of the radicals occurs. This oxidative stress and the damage due to it have been implicated in many diseases in critically ill patients. Many drugs and treatments now being investigated are directed toward preventing the damage from oxidative stress. The formation of reactive oxygen species, the damage caused by them, and the body's defense system against them are reviewed. New interventions are described that may be used in critically ill patients to prevent or treat oxidative damage.
氧衍生的自由基在危重症患者疾病发展过程中起重要作用。正常情况下，氧自由基会被抗氧化剂如维生素E或超氧化物歧化酶等酶类中和。然而，在需要重症监护的患者中，当自由基清除减少或产生过多时，氧自由基就会成为问题。这种氧化应激及其造成的损伤与危重症患者的多种疾病有关。目前正在研究的许多药物和治疗方法都旨在预防氧化应激造成的损伤。本文综述了活性氧的形成、其造成的损伤以及机体针对它们的防御系统。还描述了可用于危重症患者预防或治疗氧化损伤的新干预措施。
