Luciano Carmen, Barnes-Holmes Yvonne, Barnes-Holmes Dermot
Departamento Personalidad, Evaluacion y Tratamiento Psicológicos, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain.
Res Dev Disabil. 2002 Nov-Dec;23(6):406-21. doi: 10.1016/s0891-4222(02)00142-7.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate a new procedure for establishing accurate discriminations of delayed acts of saying, of doing and discriminations of say-do correspondence and non-correspondence with three developmentally delayed subjects. A corrective feedback procedure for incorrect discrimination responses, that involved multiple-exemplars, was initially employed, but failed to establish most of the target discriminations for all three subjects. A near-errorless training intervention was subsequently employed that also involved multiple-exemplars. This training used two referents (one for acts of saying and another one for acts of doing) as prompts to produce accurate delayed reports of what they promise to do presently, and accurate delayed reports of what they did. Prompts were also used to indicate whether the say-do relations were the 'same' in terms of correspondence or not the same in terms of non-correspondence. Prompts were subsequently eliminated. All three subjects demonstrated highly accurate reports of delayed saying, doing and say-do correspondence or non-correspondence discriminations in the absence of prompts and with novel stimuli. The results are discussed in terms of generalized classes of behavior. The implications of these findings for the use of the errorless learning paradigm as a means of establishing complex behavior are also discussed.
本研究的目的是探究一种新程序，用于对三名发育迟缓受试者的延迟言语行为、动作行为以及言语 - 动作对应与不对应情况进行准确辨别。最初采用了一种针对错误辨别反应的纠正反馈程序，该程序涉及多个示例，但未能为所有三名受试者建立大多数目标辨别能力。随后采用了一种近乎无错误的训练干预方法，该方法也涉及多个示例。这种训练使用两个参照（一个用于言语行为，另一个用于动作行为）作为提示，以产生关于他们当前承诺要做之事的准确延迟报告，以及关于他们所做之事的准确延迟报告。提示还用于表明言语 - 动作关系在对应方面是“相同”还是在不对应方面“不同”。随后消除了提示。所有三名受试者在没有提示且面对新刺激的情况下，都表现出对延迟言语、动作以及言语 - 动作对应或不对应辨别的高度准确报告。研究结果从广义行为类别方面进行了讨论。还讨论了这些发现对于将无错误学习范式用作建立复杂行为手段的意义。
