Fuchs O
Ustav hematologie a krevní transfuze, Praha.
Cas Lek Cesk. 2002 Sep 22;141 Suppl:18-22.
The transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) family of cytokines consists of more than 30 secreted structurally related polypeptides including TGF-beta s, activins and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP). This family regulates a broad spectrum of biological functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, migration, and extracellular matrix production. Signaling by these cytokines occurs via binding to specific receptors with serine/threonine kinase activity and activation of specific downstream intracellular effectors (the receptor-regulated Smad transcription factors). TGF-beta is a regulator of all stages of hematopoiesis. Depending on the differentiation stage of the target cell, the local environment and the concentration of TGF-beta, TGF-beta can be positive or negative regulator of proliferation, apoptosis or differentiation of hematopoietic cells. TGF-beta inhibits the growth of primitive hemopoietic cells with a stem cell immunophenotype but has no effect or in some cases stimulates the growth of committed progenitors. Persistent loss of TGF-beta signaling in the hemopoietic stem cells and the primitive hemopoietic progenitor cells may possibly be involved in the development of malignant transformation.
细胞因子转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）家族由30多种分泌型结构相关多肽组成，包括TGF-β、激活素和骨形态发生蛋白（BMP）。该家族调节广泛的生物学功能，包括细胞增殖、分化、凋亡、迁移和细胞外基质产生。这些细胞因子通过与具有丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶活性的特定受体结合并激活特定的下游细胞内效应器（受体调节的Smad转录因子）来进行信号传导。TGF-β是造血全过程的调节因子。根据靶细胞的分化阶段、局部环境和TGF-β的浓度，TGF-β可以是造血细胞增殖、凋亡或分化的正调节因子或负调节因子。TGF-β抑制具有干细胞免疫表型的原始造血细胞的生长，但对定向祖细胞的生长没有影响，在某些情况下还会刺激其生长。造血干细胞和原始造血祖细胞中TGF-β信号的持续缺失可能与恶性转化的发生有关。
