Melby Christopher L, Osterberg Kristen L, Resch Alyssa, Davy Brenda, Johnson Susan, Davy Kevin
Nutrition and Metabolic Fitness Laboratory in the Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition at Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2002 Sep;12(3):294-309. doi: 10.1123/ijsnem.12.3.294.
Thirteen physically active, eumenorrheic, normal-weight (BMI < 25 kg/m2) females, aged 18-30 years, completed 4 experimental conditions, with the order based on a Latin Square Design: (a). CHO/Ex: moderate-intensity exercise (65% VO2peak) with a net energy cost of approximately 500 kcals, during which time the subject consumed a carbohydrate beverage (45 g CHO) at specific time intervals; (b). CHO/NoEx: a period of time identical to (a). but with subjects consuming the carbohydrate while sitting quietly rather than exercising; (c). NoCHO/Ex: same exercise protocol as condition (a.) during which time subjects consumed a non-caloric placebo beverage; and (d). NoCHO/NoEx: same as the no-exercise condition (b). but with subjects consuming a non-caloric placebo beverage. Energy expenditure, and fat and carbohydrate oxidation rates for the entire exercise/sitting period plus a 90-min recovery period were determined by continuous indirect calorimetry. Following recovery, subjects ate ad libitum amounts of food from a buffet and were asked to record dietary intake during the remainder of the day. Total fat oxidation (exercise plus recovery) was attenuated by carbohydrate compared to placebo ingestion by only approximately 4.5 g. There was a trend (p =.08) for a carbohydrate effect on buffet energy intake such that the CHO/Ex and CHO/NoEx energy intakes were lower than the NoCHO/Ex and NoCHO/NoEx energy intakes, respectively (mean for CHO conditions: 683 kcal; NoCHO conditions: 777 kcal). Average total energy intake (buffet plus remainder of the day) was significantly lower (p <.05) following the conditions when carbohydrate was consumed (CHO/Ex = 1470 kcal; CHO/NoEx = 1285 kcal) compared to the noncaloric placebo (NoCHO/Ex =1767 kcal; NoCHO/NoEx = 1660 kcal). In conclusion, in young women engaging in regular exercise, ingestion of 45 g of carbohydrate during exercise only modestly suppresses total fat oxidation during exercise. Furthermore, the ingestion of carbohydrate with or without exercise resulted in a lower energy intake for the remainder of the day.
13名身体健康、月经正常、体重正常（体重指数<25kg/m²）、年龄在18至30岁之间的女性完成了4种实验条件，实验顺序基于拉丁方设计：（a）.碳水化合物/运动：中等强度运动（65%VO₂峰值），净能量消耗约500千卡，在此期间，受试者在特定时间间隔饮用碳水化合物饮料（45克碳水化合物）；（b）.碳水化合物/不运动：与（a）相同的时间段，但受试者安静坐着而非运动时饮用碳水化合物；（c）.无碳水化合物/运动：与条件（a）相同的运动方案，在此期间受试者饮用无热量的安慰剂饮料；（d）.无碳水化合物/不运动：与不运动条件（b）相同，但受试者饮用无热量的安慰剂饮料。通过连续间接测热法测定整个运动/坐着期间以及90分钟恢复期的能量消耗、脂肪和碳水化合物氧化率。恢复后，受试者从自助餐中随意进食，并被要求记录当天剩余时间的饮食摄入量。与仅摄入安慰剂相比，碳水化合物使总脂肪氧化（运动加恢复）仅减少约4.5克。碳水化合物对自助餐能量摄入有一定趋势（p = 0.08），即碳水化合物/运动和碳水化合物/不运动的能量摄入量分别低于无碳水化合物/运动和无碳水化合物/不运动的能量摄入量（碳水化合物条件下的平均值：683千卡；无碳水化合物条件下：777千卡）。与无热量安慰剂（无碳水化合物/运动 = 1767千卡；无碳水化合物/不运动 = 1660千卡）相比，在摄入碳水化合物的条件下（碳水化合物/运动 = 1470千卡；碳水化合物/不运动 = 1285千卡），平均总能量摄入量（自助餐加当天剩余时间）显著更低（p < 0.05）。总之，在经常运动的年轻女性中，运动期间摄入45克碳水化合物仅适度抑制运动期间的总脂肪氧化。此外，无论是否运动，摄入碳水化合物都会导致当天剩余时间的能量摄入量降低。
