[Abdominal wall defects from 1961 to 2000--incidence, prenatal diagnosis and prevalence by maternal age].

OBJECTIVE

Presentation of defects of the abdominal wall--omphalocele and gastroschisis--in the Czech Republic during 1961 to 2000. Analysis of the prevalence of these defects in different groups by maternal age.

DESIGN

Retrospective demographic epidemiological study.

SETTING

Institute for the Care of Mother and Child, Prague.

METHOD

Data from the nationwide registration of congenital defects were used which are kept in the Institute for Health Information and Statistics of the CR and data on the prenatal diagnosis from different departments of medical genetics. Epidemiological analysis of the incidence of defects of the abdominal wall--omphalocele and gastroschisis, diagnosed pre- and postnatally in the Czech Republic in 1961-2000. For the mathematical and statistical analysis of the prevalence of these defects by maternal age the method of calculation of the 95% confidence interval of probability was used.

RESULTS

In the Czech Republic during the period of 1961-2000 a total of 2293 cases of abdominal wall defects were registered. From this total number of notified defects 1915 cases were diagnosed after delivery, prenatal diagnosis was made in 378 cases and pregnancy was therefore terminated prematurely. From the total number of abdominal wall defects there were 1450 cases of omphalocele (incl. 136 prenatally diagnosed cases) and 843 cases of gastroschisis (incl. 242 cases diagnosed prenatally).

CONCLUSION

The authors found a significant decrease in the incidence in the neonatal population of the Czech Republic due to the advances of prenatal diagnosis in the recent decade. As regards omphalocele there is a significantly higher risk in women older than 39 years, in the case of gastroschisis there is a higher risk for women under 18 years and women above 39 years.