Galtier-Dereure F, Bringer J
Service des Maladies Endocriniennes, Hôpital Lapeyronie, CHU de Montpellier, 371, avenue du Doyen-Gaston-Giraud, 34295 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 2002 Oct;63(5):470-5.
As the prevalence of obesity is currently increasing in Western countries, maternal obesity is one of the most frequently encountered high-risk obstetrical situations. Pregnancies in obese women are characterized by a high incidence of maternal (gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders) and fetal (macrosomia, neural tube defects, late fetal deaths) complications. Because of those complications, cesarean sections rate is higher in obese women than in lean women. The occurrence of materno-fetal complications parallels the level of obesity, but even moderate overweight amplifies the risk. Long-term complications include worsening of maternal obesity, type 2 diabetes in the mother, and development of childhood obesity. Prenatal care should include a tight monitoring of weight gain and screening for gestational diabetes. Long term follow-up is necessary.
由于目前肥胖症在西方国家的患病率正在上升，孕产妇肥胖是最常遇到的高危产科情况之一。肥胖女性怀孕的特点是孕产妇（妊娠期糖尿病、高血压疾病）和胎儿（巨大儿、神经管缺陷、晚期胎儿死亡）并发症的发生率很高。由于这些并发症，肥胖女性的剖宫产率高于瘦女性。母胎并发症的发生与肥胖程度相关，但即使是中度超重也会增加风险。长期并发症包括孕产妇肥胖加重、母亲患2型糖尿病以及儿童肥胖的发展。产前护理应包括密切监测体重增加情况和筛查妊娠期糖尿病。长期随访是必要的。
