Noga E J, Udomkusonsri P
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA.
Vet Pathol. 2002 Nov;39(6):726-31. doi: 10.1354/vp.39-6-726.
There is a need to develop simple, rapid, and accurate methods for assessing health in fish populations. In this study we demonstrate that use of fluorescein, a nontoxic fluorescent dye, can rapidly and easily detect the presence of skin ulcers in all fish tested, including rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), goldfish (Carassius auratus), and hybrid striped bass (Morone saxatilis male X M. chrysops female). Exposure of fish to as little as 0.10 mg fluorescein per milliliter of water for 3 minutes was sufficient to identify experimentally induced lesions, even pinpoint ulcerations. Such lesions were not visible to the naked eye but were clearly demarcated with fluorescein treatment. Examination of fish that appeared clinically normal often revealed the presence of focal ulcerations, which might have been a consequence of damage during capture, but it also might suggest that skin ulceration may be common even in "clinically normal" fish. Exposure of either nonulcerated or experimentally ulcerated hybrid striped bass to an excessively high concentration of fluorescein had no apparent effect on health or survival. Our studies suggest that fluorescein may be a highly useful tool for rapid health screening in fish populations.
需要开发简单、快速且准确的方法来评估鱼类种群的健康状况。在本研究中，我们证明使用荧光素（一种无毒荧光染料）能够快速且轻松地检测出所有受试鱼类中的皮肤溃疡情况，这些受试鱼类包括虹鳟（Oncorhynchus mykiss）、沟鲶（Ictalurus punctatus）、金鱼（Carassius auratus）以及杂交条纹鲈（Morone saxatilis雄性×M. chrysops雌性）。将鱼类暴露于每毫升水中低至0.10毫克的荧光素中3分钟，就足以识别实验诱导的损伤，甚至能精准定位溃疡。此类损伤肉眼不可见，但经荧光素处理后会清晰界定。对看似临床正常的鱼类进行检查，常常会发现存在局部溃疡，这可能是捕获过程中损伤的结果，但也可能表明即使在“临床正常”的鱼类中，皮肤溃疡也可能很常见。将未溃疡或经实验诱导溃疡的杂交条纹鲈暴露于过高浓度的荧光素中，对其健康或存活没有明显影响。我们的研究表明，荧光素可能是用于鱼类种群快速健康筛查的非常有用的工具。
