Hirsh Andrew J
Cystic Fibrosis/Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill NC 27599, USA.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2002 Dec 5;54(11):1445-62. doi: 10.1016/s0169-409x(02)00161-8.
The thin layer of liquid lining the entire respiratory tract is the first line of defense against the continuous insult of inhaled bacteria and noxious chemicals. Many chronic obstructive diseases of the airway may reflect decreased airway surface liquid, which results from imbalances in ion transport and mucus production. Reduction in the thickness of airway surface liquid leads to reduced mucociliary clearance rates, causing mucus accumulation and infection in the airway. In this chapter, two inhalation therapies to replenish airway surface liquid and enhance mucociliary clearance are discussed: (1) aerosolized hyperosmotic agents; and (2) aerosolized sodium channel blockers. The advantages and disadvantages of each therapy are discussed, as well as future directions for improving airway surface liquid volume by inhalation pharmacotherapy.
覆盖整个呼吸道的薄薄一层液体是抵御吸入细菌和有害化学物质持续侵害的第一道防线。许多气道慢性阻塞性疾病可能反映出气道表面液体减少，这是由离子转运和黏液分泌失衡所致。气道表面液体厚度的降低会导致黏液纤毛清除率下降，进而造成气道内黏液积聚和感染。在本章中，将讨论两种用于补充气道表面液体并增强黏液纤毛清除功能的吸入疗法：（1）雾化高渗剂；（2）雾化钠通道阻滞剂。文中将讨论每种疗法的优缺点，以及通过吸入药物治疗改善气道表面液体量的未来方向。
