Dalstra J A A, Kunst A E, Geurts J J M, Frenken F J M, Mackenbach J P
Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Netherlands.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2002 Dec;56(12):927-34. doi: 10.1136/jech.56.12.927.
To determine changes in socioeconomic inequalities in self reported health in both the 1980s and the 1990s in the Netherlands.
Analysis of trends in socioeconomic health inequalities during the last decades of the 20th century were made using data from the Health Interview Survey (Nethhis) and the subsequent Permanent Survey on Living Conditions (POLS) from Statistics Netherlands. Socioeconomic inequalities in self assessed health, short-term disabilities during the past 14 days, long term health problems and chronic diseases were studied in relation to both educational level and household income. Trends from 1981 to 1999 were studied using summary indices for both the relative and absolute size of socioeconomic inequalities in health.
The Netherlands.
For the period 1981-1999 per year a random sample of about 7000 respondents of 18 years and older from the non-institutionalised population.
Socioeconomic inequalities in self assessed health showed a fairly consistent increase over time. Socioeconomic inequalities in the other health indicators were more or less stable over time. In no case did socioeconomic inequalities in health seemed to have decreased over time. Socioeconomic inequalities in self assessed health increased both in the 1980s and the 1990s. This increase was more pronounced for income (as compared with education) and for women (as compared with men).
There are several possible explanations for the fact that, in addition to stable health inequalities in general, income related inequalities in some health indicators increased in the Netherlands, especially in the early 1990s. Most influential were perhaps selection effects, related to changing labour market policies in the Netherlands. The fact that the health inequalities did not decrease over recent years underscores the necessity of policies that explicitly aim to tackle these inequalities.
确定20世纪80年代和90年代荷兰自我报告健康状况中的社会经济不平等变化。
利用来自健康访谈调查（Nethhis）以及荷兰统计局后续的生活条件长期调查（POLS）的数据，对20世纪最后几十年社会经济健康不平等趋势进行分析。研究了自我评估健康、过去14天内的短期残疾、长期健康问题和慢性病方面的社会经济不平等与教育水平和家庭收入的关系。使用健康方面社会经济不平等相对和绝对规模的汇总指数研究了1981年至1999年的趋势。
荷兰。
1981 - 1999年期间，每年从非机构化人口中随机抽取约7000名18岁及以上的受访者。
自我评估健康方面的社会经济不平等随时间呈现出相当一致的增加。其他健康指标方面的社会经济不平等随时间或多或少保持稳定。健康方面的社会经济不平等在任何情况下似乎都未随时间减少。自我评估健康方面的社会经济不平等在20世纪80年代和90年代均有所增加。与教育相比，这种增加在收入方面更为明显；与男性相比，在女性中更为明显。
除了总体上稳定的健康不平等外，荷兰某些健康指标中与收入相关的不平等有所增加，尤其是在20世纪90年代初，对此有几种可能的解释。最具影响力的可能是与荷兰劳动力市场政策变化相关的选择效应。近年来健康不平等并未减少这一事实凸显了明确旨在解决这些不平等问题的政策的必要性。
