Mullanu Ch, Gaillat F, Scemama F, Thibault S, Lavand'homme P, Auffray J P
Department of Anesthesiology, University of St-Luc Hospital, Brussels, Belgium.
Acta Anaesthesiol Belg. 2002;53(3):221-3.
Hip fracture is a common pathology in elderly patients. Intercurrent diseases, mainly cardiac and respiratory, often result in significant morbidity and mortality. Anesthesia for hip fracture can be provided by general or regional techniques. The combination of a lumbar plexus and posterior sciatic nerve block represents an alternative to neuraxial technique of anaesthesia such as spinal anesthesia (4, 6). We report a case of acute toxicity resulting in the injection of local anesthetics Ropivacaine and Mepivacaine in elderly patient. An elderly woman was scheduled for surgical repair of a fractured femur neck by dynamic hip screw synthesis. Anesthesia was realized by peripheral nerve bi-block (lumbar plexus and posterior sciatic block) (7). The patient experienced seizures and dysrhythmias twenty minutes after block completion and injection of the anesthetic solution [Ropivacaine 0.75%, administered for lumbar plexus block performed via the posterior approach (WINNIE) and Mepivacaine 1.5%, administered for posterior sciatic nerve block (LABAT)]. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was successful. All signs of toxicity disappeared after injection of midazolam and atropine, intubation and 100% oxygen ventilation. We decided to proceed with surgery. The postoperative course was uncomplicated and made a full recovery.
髋部骨折是老年患者的常见病症。并存疾病,主要是心脏和呼吸系统疾病,常常导致显著的发病率和死亡率。髋部骨折的麻醉可采用全身或区域技术。腰丛和坐骨神经后支阻滞联合使用是脊髓麻醉等神经轴技术麻醉的一种替代方法(4,6)。我们报告了一例老年患者因注射局部麻醉药罗哌卡因和甲哌卡因导致急性毒性反应的病例。一名老年女性计划通过动力髋螺钉固定术对股骨颈骨折进行手术修复。通过外周神经双阻滞(腰丛和坐骨神经后支阻滞)实施麻醉(7)。在阻滞完成并注射麻醉溶液[用于经后路(温妮法)进行腰丛阻滞的0.75%罗哌卡因和用于坐骨神经后支阻滞(拉巴特法)的1.5%甲哌卡因]20分钟后,患者出现癫痫发作和心律失常。心肺复苏成功。注射咪达唑仑和阿托品、插管并给予100%氧气通气后,所有毒性体征消失。我们决定继续进行手术。术后过程顺利,患者完全康复。