Chiu Loretta M, Amsden Guy W
Department of Adult and Pediatric Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Bassett Healthcare, Cooperstown, New York 13326, USA.
Drugs. 2002;62(18):2573-9. doi: 10.2165/00003495-200262180-00001.
Currently, there are approximately 6 million people with irreversible blindness as a result of chronic follicular conjunctivitis with subsequent corneal scarring caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, also known as trachoma. On the basis of the clinical studies evaluated, the most widely tested effective pharmacological treatments for trachoma today are topical tetracycline 1% to be applied to both eyes twice daily for 6 weeks or a single oral dose of azithromycin 20 mg/kg (up to 1g). Although chemotherapy can generate prompt therapeutic response and surgery can reverse the repercussions of these infections, these conditions will persist through reinfections. Implementing proper personal hygiene and environmental improvement measures for the control of infection transmission will be essential in reducing the potentially devastating results of trachoma infections.
目前，约有600万人因沙眼衣原体引起的慢性滤泡性结膜炎及随后的角膜瘢痕而导致不可逆失明，沙眼衣原体也被称为沙眼。根据所评估的临床研究，当今针对沙眼测试最广泛的有效药物治疗方法是，每天两次给双眼涂抹1%的四环素眼膏，持续6周，或单次口服阿奇霉素，剂量为20mg/kg（最大剂量1g）。虽然化疗能迅速产生治疗效果，手术能逆转这些感染的后果，但这些病症会因再次感染而持续存在。实施适当的个人卫生和环境改善措施以控制感染传播，对于减少沙眼感染可能造成的毁灭性后果至关重要。
