Hopfinger J B, Mangun G R
Department of Psychology, CB 3270, Davie Hall, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA.
Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2001 Mar;1(1):56-65. doi: 10.3758/cabn.1.1.56.
Previously, we demonstrated that reflexive attention facilitates early visual processing during form discrimination (Hopfinger & Mangun, 1998). In the present study, we tested whether reflexive facilitation of early visual processing will be generated when task load is low (simple luminance detection). Target stimuli that were preceded at short cue-to-target intervals by irrelevant visual events (cues) elicited an enhanced sensory (P1) event-related potential (ERP) component as well as an enhanced longer latency, cognitive ERP component (P300). At long cue-to-target intervals, facilitation in these ERP components was no longer observed, and, although inhibition of return (IOR) was observed in reaction times, the ERPs did not show an inhibition of sensory processing. These results provide converging evidence that reflexive attention transiently facilitates neural processing of visual inputs at multiple stages of analysis (i.e., sensory processing and higher order cognitive processing) but question the view that IOR is manifest at the earliest visual cortical stages of analysis.
先前，我们证明了反射性注意在形状辨别过程中促进早期视觉加工（霍普芬格和曼根，1998年）。在本研究中，我们测试了当任务负荷较低（简单亮度检测）时，早期视觉加工的反射性促进是否会产生。在短的线索-目标间隔之前出现无关视觉事件（线索）的目标刺激，引发了增强的感觉（P1）事件相关电位（ERP）成分以及增强的更长潜伏期的认知ERP成分（P300）。在长的线索-目标间隔时，这些ERP成分中的促进作用不再被观察到，并且，尽管在反应时间中观察到了返回抑制（IOR），但ERP并未显示出感觉加工的抑制。这些结果提供了一致的证据，即反射性注意在多个分析阶段（即感觉加工和高阶认知加工）短暂地促进视觉输入的神经加工，但对IOR在最早的视觉皮层分析阶段就表现出来的观点提出了质疑。
