Visser L G, Schippers E F, Swaan C M, van den Broek P J
Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum, afd. Infectieziekten, Postbus 9600, 2300 RC Leiden.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2002 Nov 16;146(46):2183-8.
Lassa, Ebola, Marburg and Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever viruses are the most important causes of viral haemorrhagic fever which is transmitted from person to person through contact with blood or excreta. A non-specific fever may be the initial symptom of viral haemorrhagic fever. By means of carefully noting where the patient has travelled, possible exposure to ill persons, vectors or an animal reservoir, and the incubation period (< or = 21 days versus longer), it is possible to estimate the risk of infection with one of these viruses. Using this approach it is possible to diagnose high-risk patients in good time and to take appropriate measures.
拉沙热病毒、埃博拉病毒、马尔堡病毒和克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒是病毒性出血热的最重要病因，这些疾病通过接触血液或排泄物在人与人之间传播。非特异性发热可能是病毒性出血热的初始症状。通过仔细记录患者去过的地方、可能接触过的病人、病媒或动物宿主以及潜伏期（小于或等于21天与更长时间），可以估计感染这些病毒之一的风险。采用这种方法能够及时诊断高危患者并采取适当措施。
