Lobb H, Hardwick C
Am J Ment Defic. 1976 Jan;80(4):423-30.
Groups of college students and moderately retarded persons averaging approximately equal age received eight alternating phases of acquisition and extinction trials with an electric pulse as the unconditioned stimulus for classical eyelid conditioning. The two conditioning groups did not differ significantly in attaining the acquisition criterion during any phase and showed systematic improvement in approaching the maximal rate of acquisition. However, the college students exhibited abrupt extinction in every phase, in contrast to retarded subjects. "Learning to learn" in the retarded group was more marked across acquisition than across extinction phases. Random control groups of the two subject classes displayed equal relative frequencies of nonconditioned blinks. Some of the findings clearly contradict a stimulus-context hypothesis of differences in learning rate associated with IQ level.
几组平均年龄大致相同的大学生和中度智障者接受了八个交替的习得和消退试验阶段，以电脉冲作为经典眼睑条件反射的无条件刺激。在任何阶段，两个条件反射组在达到习得标准方面没有显著差异，并且在接近最大习得率方面都有系统的提高。然而，与智障受试者相比，大学生在每个阶段都表现出突然的消退。与消退阶段相比，智障组在习得阶段“学会学习”更为明显。两个受试者类别的随机对照组显示出非条件眨眼的相对频率相等。一些研究结果明显与关于与智商水平相关的学习率差异的刺激情境假设相矛盾。
