Turner Rebecca A, Altemus Margaret, Yip Denise N, Kupferman Eve, Fletcher Debora, Bostrom Alan, Lyons David M, Amico Janet A
California School of Professional Psychology, Alliant International University, San Francisco 94109, USA.
Stress. 2002 Dec;5(4):269-76. doi: 10.1080/1025389021000037586-1.
Research on both non-human mammals and humans has raised interest in the role that oxytocin may play in human attachment and attachment-related emotions. This study examined changes in plasma oxytocin, prolactin, and ACTH concentrations in response to laboratory-induced positive and negative emotions related to close, interpersonal relationships. Participants were 32 female volunteers recruited from university communities. During positive emotion induction, oxytocin decreased over time (F(1,3) = 4.41, p < 0.007), prolactin increased (F(1,3) = 4.80, p < 0.004) and ACTH remained constant. During negative emotion induction, prolactin levels increased (F(1,3) = 2.81, p < 0.05), ACTH decreased only after the induction terminated (F(1,3) = 4.02, p < 0.01) and oxytocin remained constant. While oxytocin decreased during positive emotion, this finding contrasted previous research that showed decreases in response to negative emotion. In conclusion, plasma oxytocin levels were not reliably altered by positive or negative emotion induction. While prolactin and ACTH were expected to decrease over time due to diurnal variation, they instead either increased or remained level during emotion induction, or decreased only after the induction. Overall, the degree of change in circulating hormones in response to happy and sad emotions was very small and possibly not functionally significant.
对非人类哺乳动物和人类的研究引发了人们对催产素在人类依恋及与依恋相关情绪中可能发挥的作用的兴趣。本研究检测了血浆中催产素、催乳素和促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）浓度在实验室诱导的与亲密人际关系相关的积极和消极情绪下的变化。参与者为从大学社区招募的32名女性志愿者。在积极情绪诱导期间，催产素随时间下降（F(1,3) = 4.41，p < 0.007），催乳素增加（F(1,3) = 4.80，p < 0.004），而促肾上腺皮质激素保持不变。在消极情绪诱导期间，催乳素水平升高（F(1,3) = 2.81，p < 0.05），促肾上腺皮质激素仅在诱导结束后下降（F(1,3) = 4.02，p < 0.01），催产素保持不变。虽然催产素在积极情绪期间下降，但这一发现与之前显示其对消极情绪有下降反应的研究形成对比。总之，积极或消极情绪诱导并未可靠地改变血浆催产素水平。虽然由于昼夜变化，催乳素和促肾上腺皮质激素预计会随时间下降，但它们在情绪诱导期间要么增加、要么保持不变，要么仅在诱导后下降。总体而言，循环激素对快乐和悲伤情绪的变化程度非常小，可能没有功能上的显著意义。
