Robertson C J
Department of Oral Sciences and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Aust Orthod J. 2000 Nov;16(3):157-66.
A cephalometric analysis was carried out to determine the effects of long-term mandibular advancement on the hard and soft tissues of the upper airway and, in particular, the relationship of the hyoid bone to both the cranium and the cervical spine, following mandibular advancement. One hundred consecutively-treated patients (87 males and 13 females; mean age: 49.26 years; SD: 8.56; range: 33-74 years) diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnoea and/or habitual snoring were reviewed at 6-month intervals over 6 to 30 months of treatment with a mandibular advancement splint. Significant changes to both the oropharynx and velopharynx were observed. At 12 months, the posterior airway space had increased from 10.71 mm to 11.99 mm (mean difference: 1.28 mm). At 6 months, significant changes had occurred in the soft palate length and thickness: a mean reduction in length of 1.46 mm (p < 0.0001) and in thickness of 0.57 mm. No changes were observed in the hypopharynx: the position of the hyoid bone remained unchanged in relation to both the cranium and cervical spine in all linear and angular measurements. The author concludes that mandibular advancement with oral appliances should be considered as a treatment for life.
进行了一项头影测量分析，以确定长期下颌前伸对上气道硬组织和软组织的影响，特别是下颌前伸后舌骨与颅骨和颈椎的关系。对100例连续接受治疗的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停和/或习惯性打鼾患者（87例男性和13例女性；平均年龄：49.26岁；标准差：8.56；范围：33 - 74岁）使用下颌前伸矫治器进行6至30个月的治疗，并每隔6个月进行复查。观察到口咽和鼻咽均有显著变化。在12个月时，后气道间隙从10.71毫米增加到11.99毫米（平均差异：1.28毫米）。在6个月时，软腭长度和厚度发生了显著变化：长度平均减少1.46毫米（p < 0.0001），厚度减少0.57毫米。下咽未观察到变化：在所有线性和角度测量中，舌骨相对于颅骨和颈椎的位置保持不变。作者得出结论，使用口腔矫治器进行下颌前伸应被视为一种终身治疗方法。
