Stearns Vered, Ullmer Lynda, López Juan F, Smith Yolanda, Isaacs Claudine, Hayes DanielF
Breast Oncology Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown, USA.
Lancet. 2002 Dec 7;360(9348):1851-61. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(02)11774-0.
Almost every woman and some men will encounter hot flushes during their lifetime. Despite the prevalence of the symptoms, the pathophysiology of hot flushes remains unknown. A decline in hormone concentrations might lead to alterations in brain neurotransmitters and to instability in the hypothalamic thermoregulatory setpoint. The most effective treatments for hot flushes include oestrogens and progestagens. However, many women and their physicians are reluctant to accept hormonal treatments. Women want non-pharmacological treatments but unfortunately such treatments are not very effective, and non-hormonal drugs are often associated with adverse effects. Results from recent studies showed that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and other similar compounds can safely reduce hot flushes. Moreover, the efficacy of these drugs provides new insight into the pathophysiology of hot flushes. In this critical review, we assess knowledge of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of hot flushes.
几乎每位女性以及部分男性在一生中都会经历潮热。尽管这些症状很常见，但潮热的病理生理学机制仍不清楚。激素浓度下降可能会导致大脑神经递质改变以及下丘脑体温调节设定点不稳定。治疗潮热最有效的方法包括雌激素和孕激素。然而，许多女性及其医生都不愿接受激素治疗。女性希望采用非药物治疗方法，但遗憾的是，此类治疗效果不佳，而且非激素类药物常常伴有不良反应。近期研究结果表明，选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂及其他类似化合物能够安全地减轻潮热。此外，这些药物的疗效为潮热的病理生理学机制提供了新的见解。在这篇综述中，我们评估了有关潮热的流行病学、病理生理学及治疗方面的知识。
