Thompson Janice L, Allen Peg, Cunningham-Sabo Leslie, Yazzie Dedra A, Curtis Michelle, Davis Sally M
Office of Native American Diabetes Programs, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, 1720 Louisiana Boulevard, Suite 312, Albuquerque, NM 87110, USA.
Women Health. 2002;36(2):59-74. doi: 10.1300/j013v36n02_05.
Focus group interviews were conducted to explore sociocultural, environmental, and policy-related determinants of physical activity among sedentary American Indian women. Thirty women aged 20 to 50 years (mean = 37.4 +/- 10.6 years) participated. Three sessions were conducted with women aged 20 to 34 years and three with women aged 35 to 50 to evaluate response differences by age. Because no obvious age differences were observed, data were pooled. Barriers to physical activity included inadequate support for household and child care responsibilities and difficulties balancing home-related and societal expectations with physical activity. In addition, women reported little support from their communities and work sites to be physically active. Environmental barriers included lack of safe outdoor areas and accessible walking trails. Weather and stray dogs were also commonly mentioned. Sociocultural barriers included giving family obligations priority above all other things, being expected to eat large portions of high-fat foods, and failing to follow a traditionally active lifestyle. Enablers of physical activity included support from family and coworkers and participation in traditional community events. Suggested intervention approaches included accessible and affordable programs and facilities, community emphasis on physical activity, and programs that incorporated the needs of larger women and of families. Participants emphasized a preference for programs that were compatible with the role expectations of their families and communities, and they expressed the desire for acceptance and encouragement to be physically active from the family, the community, the worksite, and their tribal leaders.
开展了焦点小组访谈，以探究久坐不动的美国印第安女性身体活动的社会文化、环境和政策相关决定因素。30名年龄在20至50岁之间（平均年龄为37.4±10.6岁）的女性参与其中。对20至34岁的女性进行了三场访谈，对35至50岁的女性进行了三场访谈，以评估年龄差异导致的反应差异。由于未观察到明显的年龄差异，因此将数据合并。身体活动的障碍包括对家务和育儿责任的支持不足，以及难以平衡家庭相关期望和社会期望与身体活动之间的关系。此外，女性表示她们在社区和工作场所很少得到对身体活动的支持。环境障碍包括缺乏安全的户外区域和可到达的步行道。天气和流浪狗也经常被提及。社会文化障碍包括将家庭义务置于其他一切之上、被期望食用大量高脂肪食物，以及未能遵循传统的积极生活方式。身体活动的促进因素包括来自家人和同事的支持以及参与传统社区活动。建议的干预方法包括提供可及且负担得起的项目和设施、社区对身体活动的重视，以及考虑到体型较大的女性和家庭需求的项目。参与者强调更喜欢与家庭和社区角色期望相契合的项目，她们表达了希望得到家庭、社区、工作场所和部落领袖对身体活动的认可和鼓励的愿望。
