Winslow R M, Swenberg M L, Gross E, Chervenick P A, Buchman R R, Anderson W F
J Clin Invest. 1976 Mar;57(3):772-81. doi: 10.1172/JCI108336.
The first example of the premature termination of a polypeptide chain in man appears to be Hb McKees Rocks, beta145 Tyr leads to Term, discovered in polycythemic members of a Caucasian family. Point mutation has apparently occurred at the codon for Tyr beta145 from UAU to a "nonsense" codon, UAA or UAG, resulting in a shortened polypeptide chain with Lys 144 as its carboxyl-terminal amino acid. Evidence for this structural conclusion is the absence of tryptic peptide betaT-15 from "fingerprints" of the abnormal beta-chain, the finding of C-terminal Lys, and the similarity between the functional properties of this variant hemoglobin and those of des Tyr (145)-His(146)beta hemoglobin resulting from carboxypeptidase-A digestion of normal human hemoglobin. Hb McKees Rocks has markedly abnormal properties: its oxygen affinity is the highest of the human variants described to date; its Bohr effect is reduced; it is devoid of subunit cooperativity; and it is unaffected by 2,3-diphosphoglyceric acid. These properties are probably the consequences of decreased stability of the T quaternary conformation and are partially restored in the presence of the strong allosteric effector inositol hexaphosphate.
人类多肽链提前终止的首个例子似乎是Hb McKees Rocks,即β145位酪氨酸突变为终止密码子,这一突变在一个高加索家族的红细胞增多症患者中被发现。β145位酪氨酸的密码子显然发生了点突变,从UAU突变为“无义”密码子UAA或UAG,导致多肽链缩短,其羧基末端氨基酸为赖氨酸144。这一结构结论的证据包括:异常β链的“指纹图谱”中不存在胰蛋白酶肽βT - 15;发现了C末端赖氨酸;以及这种变异血红蛋白与正常人血红蛋白经羧肽酶 - A消化产生的去酪氨酸(145)-组氨酸(146)β血红蛋白功能特性之间的相似性。Hb McKees Rocks具有明显异常的特性:其氧亲和力是迄今为止所描述的人类变异体中最高的;其玻尔效应降低;缺乏亚基协同性;并且不受2,3 - 二磷酸甘油酸的影响。这些特性可能是T四级构象稳定性降低的结果,并且在存在强变构效应剂肌醇六磷酸的情况下会部分恢复。