Siegel A, Harrow M, Reilly F E, Tucker G J
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1976 Feb;162(2):105-12. doi: 10.1097/00005053-197602000-00004.
The present research involves the development and utilization of a method to evaluate the free speech of chronic schizophrenic patients to measure aspects of thought disorder. Using this technique, two samples (one chronically hospitalized, the other nonhospitalized) of 15 chronic schizophrenic subjects each studied and compared. Severe types of looseness of association were not a prominent finding in the patients studied. On several of the other categories of speech patterns in investigated, multiyear hospitalized chronic schizophrenics were found to have significantly higher scores than a sample of chronic schizophrenics living in the community. This included a measure of paucity of speech, of perseveration, of repetition, and a measure of overally deviant verbalizations. The chronic schizophrenic patients generally showed high degrees of perseveration and paucity of speech, variables which may be related to impoverished thinking. The significance of these results is analyzed and discussed, with several aspects of the data suggesting that the differences may be due to severity of illness. The phenomenological scoring system developed and utilized is found to be reliable and seems to represent a useful tool for the study of many aspects of the schizophrenic patient.
本研究涉及一种评估慢性精神分裂症患者自由言语以测量思维障碍方面的方法的开发与应用。运用该技术，对两组各有15名慢性精神分裂症患者的样本（一组长期住院，另一组非住院）进行了研究与比较。在所研究的患者中，严重的联想松弛类型并非显著特征。在对其他几类所调查的言语模式进行评估时，发现长期住院的慢性精神分裂症患者的得分显著高于社区慢性精神分裂症患者样本。这包括言语贫乏、持续言语、重复言语的测量，以及总体异常言语表达的测量。慢性精神分裂症患者普遍表现出高度的持续言语和言语贫乏，这些变量可能与思维贫乏有关。对这些结果的意义进行了分析和讨论，数据的几个方面表明差异可能归因于疾病的严重程度。所开发和应用的现象学评分系统被发现是可靠的，并且似乎是研究精神分裂症患者诸多方面的有用工具。
