Goddard Laura B, Roth Amy E, Reisen William K, Scott Thomas W
Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA.
Emerg Infect Dis. 2002 Dec;8(12):1385-91. doi: 10.3201/eid0812.020536.
To identify the mosquito species competent for West Nile virus (WNV) transmission, we evaluated 10 California species that are known vectors of other arboviruses or major pests: Culex tarsalis, Cx. pipiens pipiens, Cx. p. quinquefasciatus, Cx. stigmatosoma, Cx. erythrothorax, Ochlerotatus dorsalis, Oc. melanimon, Oc. sierrensis, Aedes vexans, and Culiseta inornata. All 10 became infected and were able to transmit WNV at some level. Ochlerotatus, Culiseta, and Aedes were low to moderately efficient vectors. They feed primarily on mammals and could play a secondary role in transmission. Oc. sierrensis, a major pest species, and Cx. p. quinquefasciatus from southern California were the least efficient laboratory vectors. Cx. tarsalis, Cx. stigmatosoma, Cx. erythrothorax, and other populations of Cx. pipiens complex were the most efficient laboratory vectors. Culex species are likely to play the primary role in the enzootic maintenance and transmission of WNV in California.
为了确定能够传播西尼罗河病毒（WNV）的蚊种，我们评估了10种加利福尼亚州的蚊虫，它们是已知的其他虫媒病毒载体或主要害虫：致倦库蚊、尖音库蚊指名亚种、致倦库蚊、纹翅库蚊、红胸库蚊、背点伊蚊、黑尾伊蚊、锡氏伊蚊、骚扰伊蚊和无饰库蚊。所有这10种蚊虫都被感染，并且都能在一定程度上传播WNV。伊蚊属、库蚊属和骚扰伊蚊是低效至中等效率的传播媒介。它们主要吸食哺乳动物血液，可能在病毒传播中起次要作用。锡氏伊蚊是一种主要害虫，来自南加利福尼亚的致倦库蚊是效率最低的实验室传播媒介。西方马脑炎病毒、纹翅库蚊、红胸库蚊以及尖音库蚊复合组的其他种群是效率最高的实验室传播媒介。库蚊属蚊虫很可能在加利福尼亚州WNV的动物间传播和维持中起主要作用。
