van Arendonk Johan A M, Bijma Piter
Animal Breeding and Genetics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Theriogenology. 2003 Jan 15;59(2):635-49. doi: 10.1016/s0093-691x(02)01245-1.
Reproductive techniques have a major impact on the structure of breeding programmes, the rate of genetic gain and dissemination of genetic gain in populations. This manuscript reviews the impact of reproductive technologies on the underlying components of genetic gain and inbreeding with special reference to the role of female reproductive technology. Evaluation of alternative breeding schemes should be based on genetic gain while constraining inbreeding. Optimum breeding schemes can be characterised by: decreased importance of sib information; increased accuracy at the expense of intensity; and a factorial mating strategy. If large-scale embryo cloning becomes feasible, this will have a small impact on the rate of genetic gain but will have a large impact on the structure of breeding programmes.
繁殖技术对育种计划的结构、遗传进展的速度以及群体中遗传进展的传播具有重大影响。本手稿回顾了繁殖技术对遗传进展和近亲繁殖的潜在组成部分的影响，特别提及了雌性繁殖技术的作用。对替代育种方案的评估应基于遗传进展，同时限制近亲繁殖。最佳育种方案的特点可以是：同胞信息的重要性降低；以强度为代价提高准确性；以及析因交配策略。如果大规模胚胎克隆变得可行，这将对遗传进展的速度产生较小影响，但会对育种计划的结构产生重大影响。
