Lencer Rebekka, Trillenberg-Krecker Katja, Schwinger Eberhard, Arolt Volker
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck School of Medicine, Germany.
Schizophr Res. 2003 Mar 1;60(1):33-45. doi: 10.1016/s0920-9964(02)00165-2.
One line of research which is helping to unravel the genetic susceptibility to schizophrenia (SZ) is the analysis of eye tracking dysfunction (ETD), a quantifiable phenotypic marker. To investigate if such a biological marker is also present in singleton schizophrenia families, we examined eye tracking in members of singleton families (N=53) and compared it to members of multiplex (N=76) and nonpsychiatric families (N=71) using high resolution infrared oculography. The prevalence of ETD defined by gain values (eye/target velocity) and saccadic frequencies during smooth pursuit at 15 degrees /s did not differ between multiplex and singleton families in either the schizophrenic index patients or their relatives, but was significantly different from nonpsychotic families. ETD rate was higher in those relatives with compared to those without a diagnosis of a schizophrenia spectrum disorder. In relatives with a spectrum disorder, ETD appeared to be associated with traits for "sensitivity" and "suspiciousness". In the group of relatives from singleton families without a schizophrenia spectrum disorder, we still found a higher prevalence of ETD than in nonpsychotic families. Our results suggest that eye tracking dysfunction is a very sensitive biological marker for the vulnerability to schizophrenia, even in those cases where no psychopathological symptoms or signs are obvious. ETD in schizophrenia is suggested to serve as a neurophysiological type model, indicating a perception deficit.
一条有助于揭示精神分裂症（SZ）遗传易感性的研究方向是对眼动追踪功能障碍（ETD）进行分析，ETD是一种可量化的表型标记。为了研究这种生物学标记是否也存在于单发病例的精神分裂症家族中，我们使用高分辨率红外眼动描记术对单发病例家族成员（N = 53）的眼动追踪情况进行了检查，并将其与多发病例家族成员（N = 76）和非精神疾病家族成员（N = 71）进行了比较。在精神分裂症指数患者及其亲属中，以增益值（眼动/目标速度）和15度/秒平滑追踪时的扫视频率定义的ETD患病率在多发病例家族和单发病例家族之间没有差异，但与非精神病家族有显著差异。与未被诊断为精神分裂症谱系障碍的亲属相比，有该诊断的亲属中ETD发生率更高。在患有谱系障碍的亲属中，ETD似乎与“敏感”和“多疑”特质相关。在没有精神分裂症谱系障碍的单发病例家族亲属组中，我们仍然发现ETD的患病率高于非精神病家族。我们的结果表明，即使在没有明显精神病理症状或体征的情况下，眼动追踪功能障碍也是精神分裂症易感性的一个非常敏感的生物学标记。精神分裂症中的ETD被认为可作为一种神经生理学类型模型，表明存在感知缺陷。
