Radu Diana, Ahlin Arne, Svanborg Pär, Lindefors Nils
Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2003 Mar;166(2):139-45. doi: 10.1007/s00213-002-1316-7. Epub 2003 Jan 16.
CCK(B) receptor agonists such as pentagastrin or CCK(4) have anxiogenic panic-like effects in humans. Our previous findings are in agreement with a relationship between C-peptide plasma levels (as a measure of insulin release) and sensitivity to psychotropic activation by CCK(B) receptor stimulation.
Our present aim was to study the transient humoral, physiological and psychotropic effects of pentagastrin bolus injection and whether personality might affect the outcome.
Pentagastrin was given in bolus i.v. injections to healthy volunteers at increasing doses (0.003, 0.012, 0.05 and 0.2 microg/kg). Physiological parameters were recorded before and during each pentagastrin challenge and humoral variables described previously were included in the analyzes. Subjects rated the discomfort following pentagastrin administration on the state anxiety and discomfort scale (SADS). The Karolinska scale of personality (KSP), anxiety sensitivity index (ASI) and Hamilton anxiety scale (HAS) were used to characterize the subjects before the test.
Galvanic skin response (GSR) and heart rate (HR) were significantly increased within 1 min following 0.2 microg/kg pentagastrin, the GSR increase correlating negatively to the C-peptide increase and positively to ratings on SADS. Even the lower dose (0.05 microg/kg pentagastrin) induced a significant increase in GSR. ASI measures correlated weakly to the increase in ratings on SADS following 0.05 microg/kg and 0.2 microg/kg pentagastrin.
We found correlations between psychophysiology, humoral response and subjective ratings following pentagastrin administration. CCK(B) receptor stimulation might reveal phenotype properties predictive of anxiety-related traits, measurable through serum levels of C-peptide. Furthermore, our results support the predictive value of ASI for fearfulness.
胆囊收缩素（CCK）（B）受体激动剂，如五肽胃泌素或CCK（4），对人类具有致焦虑的惊恐样作用。我们之前的研究结果表明，血浆C肽水平（作为胰岛素释放的指标）与CCK（B）受体刺激引起的精神药物激活敏感性之间存在关联。
我们目前的目的是研究五肽胃泌素推注的瞬时体液、生理和精神效应，以及人格是否会影响结果。
以递增剂量（0.003、0.012、0.05和0.2微克/千克）给健康志愿者静脉推注五肽胃泌素。在每次五肽胃泌素激发试验之前和期间记录生理参数，并将先前描述的体液变量纳入分析。受试者根据状态焦虑和不适量表（SADS）对五肽胃泌素给药后的不适程度进行评分。在测试前，使用卡罗林斯卡人格量表（KSP）、焦虑敏感性指数（ASI）和汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAS）对受试者进行特征描述。
在给予0.2微克/千克五肽胃泌素后1分钟内，皮肤电反应（GSR）和心率（HR）显著增加，GSR的增加与C肽的增加呈负相关，与SADS评分呈正相关。即使是较低剂量（0.05微克/千克五肽胃泌素）也会导致GSR显著增加。ASI测量值与0.05微克/千克和0.2微克/千克五肽胃泌素给药后SADS评分的增加弱相关。
我们发现五肽胃泌素给药后心理生理学、体液反应和主观评分之间存在相关性。CCK（B）受体刺激可能揭示可通过血清C肽水平测量的、预测焦虑相关特征的表型特性。此外，我们的结果支持ASI对恐惧的预测价值。
