van Walstijn Maarten, Campbell Murray
School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2003 Jan;113(1):575-85. doi: 10.1121/1.1515776.
A method for simulation of acoustical bores, useful in the context of sound synthesis by physical modeling of woodwind instruments, is presented. As with previously developed methods, such as digital waveguide modeling (DWM) [Smith, Comput. Music J. 16, 74-91 (1992)] and the multi convolution algorithm (MCA) [Martinez et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 84, 1620-1627 (1988)], the approach is based on a one-dimensional model of wave propagation in the bore. Both the DWM method and the MCA explicitly compute the transmission and reflection of wave variables that represent actual traveling pressure waves. The method presented in this report, the wave digital modeling (WDM) method, avoids the typical limitations associated with these methods by using a more general definition of the wave variables. An efficient and spatially modular discrete-time model is constructed from the digital representations of elemental bore units such as cylindrical sections, conical sections, and toneholes. Frequency-dependent phenomena, such as boundary losses, are approximated with digital filters. The stability of a simulation of a complete acoustic bore is investigated empirically. Results of the simulation of a full clarinet show that a very good concordance with classic transmission-line theory is obtained.
提出了一种用于模拟声学号管的方法，该方法在通过木管乐器的物理建模进行声音合成的背景下很有用。与先前开发的方法一样，例如数字波导建模（DWM）[史密斯，《计算机音乐杂志》16，74 - 91（1992）]和多卷积算法（MCA）[马丁内斯等人，《美国声学学会杂志》84，1620 - 1627（1988）]，该方法基于号管中波传播的一维模型。DWM方法和MCA都明确计算代表实际传播压力波的波变量的传输和反射。本报告中提出的方法，即波数字建模（WDM）方法，通过使用更通用的波变量定义避免了与这些方法相关的典型限制。由圆柱形截面、锥形截面和音孔等基本号管单元的数字表示构建了一个高效且空间模块化的离散时间模型。诸如边界损耗等频率相关现象用数字滤波器进行近似。通过实验研究了完整声学号管模拟的稳定性。完整单簧管的模拟结果表明，与经典传输线理论取得了非常好的一致性。
