Viejo L F, Morales V, Puñal P, Pérez J L, Sancho R A
Department of Internal Medicine, Provincial Hospital of Toledo, County Council of Toledo, Toledo, Spain.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2003 Jan;107(1):45-9. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0447.2003.02385.x.
To determine whether environmental temperature, agitation, neuroleptic use, mental retardation, and affective disorders were risk factors for neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS).
Cases and age- and sex-matched psychiatric controls admitted to a regional acute psychiatric unit over a 10-year period.
Both uni- and multivariate analysis revealed statistically significant differences between patients with NMS (n=15) and controls (n=45) with regard to the presence of mental retardation, psychomotor agitation, and a number of variables relating to neuroleptic use (newly introduced or increased, intramuscular administration, and dosage). We found no differences between NMS patients and psychiatric controls in respect of changes in environmental temperature.
Our study supports the need for caution when using intramuscularly administered, abruptly increasing, high-dose neuroleptics, particularly in mentally retarded or agitated patients, regardless of environmental temperature.
确定环境温度、躁动、使用抗精神病药物、智力迟钝和情感障碍是否为抗精神病药物恶性综合征（NMS）的危险因素。
选取10年间入住某地区急性精神科病房的病例以及年龄和性别匹配的精神科对照。
单因素和多因素分析均显示，NMS患者（n = 15）和对照（n = 45）在智力迟钝、精神运动性躁动以及一些与抗精神病药物使用相关的变量（新使用或增加剂量、肌肉注射给药和剂量）方面存在统计学上的显著差异。我们发现NMS患者与精神科对照在环境温度变化方面没有差异。
我们的研究支持在使用肌肉注射、突然增加剂量的高剂量抗精神病药物时需谨慎，尤其是在智力迟钝或躁动的患者中，无论环境温度如何。
