对积极影响治疗联盟的治疗师特征和技术的综述。
A review of therapist characteristics and techniques positively impacting the therapeutic alliance.
作者信息
Ackerman Steven J, Hilsenroth Mark J
机构信息
The Austen Riggs Center, P.O. Box 962, 25 Main Street, Stockbridge, MA 01262, USA.
出版信息
Clin Psychol Rev. 2003 Feb;23(1):1-33. doi: 10.1016/s0272-7358(02)00146-0.
The present review is a comprehensive examination of the therapist's personal attributes and in-session activities that positively influence the therapeutic alliance from a broad range of psychotherapy perspectives. Therapist's personal attributes such as being flexible, honest, respectful, trustworthy, confident, warm, interested, and open were found to contribute positively to the alliance. Therapist techniques such as exploration, reflection, noting past therapy success, accurate interpretation, facilitating the expression of affect, and attending to the patient's experience were also found to contribute positively to the alliance. This review reveals how these therapist personal qualities and techniques have a positive influence on the identification or repair of ruptures in the alliance.
本综述从广泛的心理治疗视角，全面考察了治疗师的个人特质和治疗过程中的活动，这些特质和活动对治疗联盟有着积极影响。研究发现，治疗师的个人特质，如灵活、诚实、尊重他人、值得信赖、自信、热情、感兴趣和开放等，对治疗联盟有积极贡献。治疗师的技巧，如探索、反思、提及过去治疗的成功案例、准确的解释、促进情感表达以及关注患者的体验等，也被发现对治疗联盟有积极贡献。本综述揭示了这些治疗师的个人品质和技巧如何对治疗联盟中破裂的识别或修复产生积极影响。
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