Matsumoto S., Kiriiwa Y., Takeda Y.
National Institute of Vegetable and Tea Science, Kusawa 360, Anou, Mie 514-2392, Japan,
Theor Appl Genet. 2002 May;104(6-7):998-1002. doi: 10.1007/s00122-001-0806-z. Epub 2002 Feb 22.
Japanese green tea cultivars and 463 local tea plants including mountainous tea, yama-cha, were analyzed to determine the process of differentiation of Japanese tea plants using phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) as a DNA marker. The main DNA fragments detected by RFLP analysis, which were named A, B and D, were inherited as multiple allelic genes at one locus. Japanese tea cultivars were divided into five groups according to RFLPs: AA, AB, AD, BD and DD. The AA group included many cultivars selected from local tea plants. The BD group consisted of cv Yabukita or descendants from Yabukita produced by artificial crossing. There was no BB group of cultivars. Allelic frequencies of A, B and D were 0.66, 0.08 and 0.22, respectively, and these values were same in tea plants collected from all regions of Japan. Since the frequencies in yama-cha and local tea plants were also the same, it is thought that these teas have the same origin. These results indicate a process of differentiation from the ancestral material presumably introduced from China to the local tea plants and, finally, cultivars which were produced by selecting from local tea plants and crossing.
以苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)作为DNA标记,对日本绿茶品种以及包括山地茶(yama - cha)在内的463种当地茶树进行了分析,以确定日本茶树的分化过程。通过RFLP分析检测到的主要DNA片段,分别命名为A、B和D,它们作为一个位点上的多个等位基因进行遗传。根据RFLP,日本茶树品种分为五组:AA、AB、AD、BD和DD。AA组包括许多从当地茶树中选育出的品种。BD组由薮北茶品种或通过人工杂交产生的薮北茶后代组成。不存在BB组品种。A、B和D的等位基因频率分别为0.66、0.08和0.22,并且在从日本所有地区采集的茶树中这些值是相同的。由于山地茶和当地茶树中的频率也相同,所以认为这些茶具有相同的起源。这些结果表明了一个从大概从中国引入的原始材料到当地茶树,最终到通过从当地茶树中选育和杂交产生的品种的分化过程。