青鳉（Oryzias latipes）常见的自发性性反转XX雄性个体。
Common spontaneous sex-reversed XX males of the medaka Oryzias latipes.
作者信息
Nanda Indrajit, Hornung Ute, Kondo Mariko, Schmid Michael, Schartl Manfred
机构信息
Institute for Human Genetics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
出版信息
Genetics. 2003 Jan;163(1):245-51. doi: 10.1093/genetics/163.1.245.
In the medaka, a duplicated version of the dmrt1 gene, dmrt1bY, has been identified as a candidate for the master male sex-determining gene on the Y chromosome. By screening several strains of Northern and Southern medaka we identified a considerable number of males with normal phenotype and uncompromised fertility, but lacking dmrt1bY. The frequency of such males was >10% in some strains and zero in others. Analysis for the presence of other Y-linked markers by FISH analysis, PCR, and phenotype indicated that their genotype is XX. Crossing such males with XX females led to a strong female bias in the offspring and also to a reappearance of XX males in the following generations. This indicated that the candidate male sex-determining gene dmrt1bY may not be necessary for male development in every case, but that its function can be taken over by so far unidentified autosomal modifiers.
在青鳉中，dmrt1基因的一个复制版本dmrt1bY已被确定为Y染色体上主要雄性性别决定基因的候选基因。通过对多个北方青鳉和南方青鳉品系进行筛选，我们鉴定出相当数量具有正常表型且生育能力未受损害但缺乏dmrt1bY的雄性个体。此类雄性个体在某些品系中的频率超过10%，而在其他品系中为零。通过荧光原位杂交分析、聚合酶链反应和表型对其他Y连锁标记的存在情况进行分析表明，它们的基因型为XX。将此类雄性个体与XX雌性个体杂交，导致后代出现强烈的雌性偏向，并且在随后的世代中XX雄性个体再次出现。这表明候选雄性性别决定基因dmrt1bY在每种情况下对于雄性发育可能并非必需，但其功能可以被迄今尚未鉴定的常染色体修饰基因所取代。
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