Park Yi Kyung, Meier Emily Rose, Song Won O
J Hum Lact. 2003 Feb;19(1):50-6. doi: 10.1177/0890334402239734.
Although breast milk is recommended as the optimal source of infant nutrition, breastfeeding initiation is below recommended levels, especially among teenage mothers. Breastfeeding initiation rates among Michigan (US) teenage mothers (12-19 y) were compared by demographics and health behaviors. Multivariate analyses determined which factors were significant independent predictors of breastfeeding initiation among teenage mothers enrolled prenatally in the Michigan Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program in 1995. Significant predictors independently associated with breastfeeding initiation were race/ethnicity, education, marital status, postpartum anemia status, parity, prenatal trimester of WIC enrollment, and smoking. The strongest predictor of breastfeeding initiation differed for white mothers (positive predictor: education beyond high school [OR = 3.13]) and black mothers (negative predictor: multiparous [OR = 0.25]). Initiation rates for this population of teenage mothers fall below the national average for mothers of all ages and the US Healthy People 2010 goals. Research is needed concerning how breastfeeding support and education can be improved to reach the US national health goals.
尽管母乳被推荐为婴儿营养的最佳来源，但母乳喂养的起始率低于推荐水平，尤其是在青少年母亲中。通过人口统计学和健康行为对美国密歇根州12至19岁青少年母亲的母乳喂养起始率进行了比较。多变量分析确定了哪些因素是1995年在密歇根州妇女、婴儿和儿童特别补充营养计划（WIC）中产前登记的青少年母亲母乳喂养起始的显著独立预测因素。与母乳喂养起始独立相关的显著预测因素包括种族/民族、教育程度、婚姻状况、产后贫血状况、产次、WIC登记的产前孕周和吸烟。白人母亲母乳喂养起始的最强预测因素（正向预测因素：高中以上学历[OR = 3.13]）和黑人母亲（负向预测因素：经产妇[OR = 0.25]）有所不同。这群青少年母亲的起始率低于所有年龄段母亲的全国平均水平以及美国《健康人民2010》目标。需要开展有关如何改善母乳喂养支持和教育以实现美国国家健康目标的研究。
