Nishimura Toshihide
Department of Animal Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
Vet Res. 2003 Jan-Feb;34(1):3-10. doi: 10.1051/vetres:2002045.
The mammary gland performs a variety of immunological functions, including protecting itself from mastitis and protecting neonates from infectious agents. Several molecules that mediate lymphocyte trafficking in the immune system are also expressed in the mammary gland. This review is focused on the immunological function of these molecules, especially glycosylation-dependent cell adhesion molecule-1 (GlyCAM-1) and mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1) in the mammary gland. GlyCAM-1 is expressed in the lactating mouse mammary gland. Endothelial cells produce this protein and secrete it into milk. The glycosylated modification of mammary gland GlyCAM-1 is different from that of the lymph nodes, and lacks the binding ability for L-selectin on lymphocytes. GlyCAM-1 in the mammary gland is not involved in lymphocyte migration, and probably has another function besides that of the lymph nodes. MAdCAM-1 is expressed on endothelial cells of small venules around mouse mammary lobules during lactation. This molecule has the ability to interact with alpha4beta7 integrin on lymphocytes and mediates lymphocyte recruitment to the mammary gland. The density of beta7+/CD3+ T-cells is correlated with the density of the MAdCAM-1-stained area, suggesting that MAdCAM-1 may mediate the migration of these cells. In contrast, there is no relationship between MAdCAM-1 expression and the number of beta7+/c-IgA+ B-cells, implying that some other factor is involved in lymphocyte migration to the mammary gland. Chemokines, such as IL-8, GRO-alpha, MCP-1, RANTES and MEC, have been detected in human and mouse mammary glands. Although little information is available, these molecules may contribute to lymphocyte migration to the mammary gland.
乳腺具有多种免疫功能，包括保护自身免受乳腺炎侵害以及保护新生儿免受感染因子影响。免疫系统中一些介导淋巴细胞运输的分子也在乳腺中表达。本综述聚焦于这些分子的免疫功能，尤其是乳腺中的糖基化依赖性细胞黏附分子-1（GlyCAM-1）和黏膜地址素细胞黏附分子-1（MAdCAM-1）。GlyCAM-1在泌乳小鼠乳腺中表达。内皮细胞产生这种蛋白质并将其分泌到乳汁中。乳腺GlyCAM-1的糖基化修饰与淋巴结中的不同，并且缺乏与淋巴细胞上L-选择素的结合能力。乳腺中的GlyCAM-1不参与淋巴细胞迁移，可能除了淋巴结的功能外还有其他功能。MAdCAM-1在泌乳期间小鼠乳腺小叶周围的小静脉内皮细胞上表达。该分子具有与淋巴细胞上的α4β7整合素相互作用的能力，并介导淋巴细胞募集到乳腺。β7+/CD3+ T细胞的密度与MAdCAM-1染色区域的密度相关，表明MAdCAM-1可能介导这些细胞的迁移。相比之下，MAdCAM-1表达与β7+/c-IgA+ B细胞数量之间没有关系，这意味着其他一些因素参与了淋巴细胞向乳腺的迁移。在人和小鼠乳腺中已检测到趋化因子，如IL-8、GRO-α、MCP-1、RANTES和MEC。尽管可用信息很少，但这些分子可能有助于淋巴细胞向乳腺的迁移。
