Watters James W, McLeod Howard L
Department of Medicine, Genetics Washington University School of Medicine, USA.
Curr Opin Mol Ther. 2002 Dec;4(6):565-71.
Patient response to chemotherapy varies widely between individuals. Pharmacogenetics is the study of inherited DNA polymorphisms that influence drug disposition and effects, the goal of which is the individualization of drug treatment. As unpredictable efficacy and high levels of systemic toxicity are common in cancer chemotherapy, pharmacogenetics is particularly appealing for oncology. Recent studies have shown that polymorphisms in genes involved in drug metabolism, nucleotide synthesis and DNA repair contribute to inter-patient variability in the efficacy and toxicity of many chemotherapy agents. This review will discuss recent developments in the most clinically relevant examples of cancer pharmacogenetics, and how genetic differences among individuals are shaping the future of cancer chemotherapy.
患者对化疗的反应在个体之间差异很大。药物遗传学是研究影响药物处置和效应的遗传DNA多态性，其目标是实现药物治疗的个体化。由于在癌症化疗中，疗效不可预测和全身毒性水平高是常见现象，因此药物遗传学对肿瘤学特别有吸引力。最近的研究表明，参与药物代谢、核苷酸合成和DNA修复的基因多态性导致了许多化疗药物在疗效和毒性方面的患者间差异。本综述将讨论癌症药物遗传学最具临床相关性实例的最新进展，以及个体间的基因差异如何塑造癌症化疗的未来。
