Brykov V A, Poliakova N E, Prokhorova A V
Institute of Marine Biology, Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690041 Russia.
Genetika. 2003 Jan;39(1):75-82.
We used restriction length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of PCR-amplified fragments of mtDNA to study the genetic structure of chum salmon populations sampled in 1993-2000 during a spawning run in five rivers: Narva (Southern Primorye), Naiba (Sakhalin Island), Sernovodnaya (Kunashir Island, Southern Kuril Islands), Ola (northwestern coast of the Sea of Okhotsk), and Anadyr' (Chukotka Peninsula). In total, 49 haplotypes were identified in 193 fish. Heterogeneity tests showed highly significant (P = 0) differences among all sample pairs. The estimated time of independent divergence of the populations or population groups is in good agreement with the time of Pleistocene glaciations. This result suggests that it is cyclic global changes during this time period that were crucial in determining the within-species divergence in chum salmon. The types of mtDNA genetic variability and mismatch distribution between haplotypes in the populations indicate that the southern regions of the Sea of Okhotsk and Sea of Japan served as refugia for chum salmon during glaciation periods.
我们利用线粒体DNA（mtDNA）聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增片段的限制性片段长度多态性（RFLP）分析，研究了1993年至2000年在五条河流产卵洄游期间采集的大麻哈鱼种群的遗传结构，这五条河流分别是：纳拉瓦河（南滨海边疆区）、奈伊巴河（萨哈林岛）、塞尔诺沃德纳亚河（千岛群岛南部的国后岛）、奥拉河（鄂霍次克海西北海岸）和阿纳德尔河（楚科奇半岛）。总共在193条鱼中鉴定出49种单倍型。异质性检验表明，所有样本对之间存在极显著差异（P = 0）。种群或种群组独立分化的估计时间与更新世冰川作用时间高度吻合。这一结果表明，正是这一时期的周期性全球变化对决定大麻哈鱼的种内分化至关重要。种群中mtDNA遗传变异的类型以及单倍型之间的错配分布表明，鄂霍次克海和日本海的南部地区在冰川期是大麻哈鱼的避难所。
