Stanley T H, Kennard L, Isern-Amaral J, Olsen D, Lunn J
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1976 May;71(5):704-10.
Plasma and urine epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations were measured before and after implantation of an artificial heart in 20 calves and before and after thoracotomy in 3 control calves. All animals had similar preoperative plasma and urine catecholamine concentrations. During the first 4 postoperative days, plasma and urine epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations were markedly elevated in all animals. However, calves with an artificial heart had significantly higher concentrations than control calves. Thereafter, catecholamine levels in control animals returned to preoperative levels, whereas epinephrine concentrations in artificial heart recipients remained elevated for 2 weeks and norepinephrine concentrations remained elevated for over a month. Two artifical heart recipeints survived longer than 2 months and had normal plasma and urine catecholamine concentrations from day 32 until a few days before being put to death. Although the mechanism in unclear, these findings suggest that early artificial heart function is associated with a significant metabolic stress which slowly disappears or becomes tolerable after one month.
在20头小牛植入人工心脏前后以及3头对照小牛开胸手术前后，测量了血浆和尿液中的肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素浓度。所有动物术前血浆和尿液儿茶酚胺浓度相似。术后头4天，所有动物的血浆和尿液肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素浓度均显著升高。然而，植入人工心脏的小牛浓度明显高于对照小牛。此后，对照动物的儿茶酚胺水平恢复到术前水平，而人工心脏受体的肾上腺素浓度在2周内一直升高，去甲肾上腺素浓度升高超过1个月。两名人工心脏受体存活超过2个月，从第32天直到处死前几天，血浆和尿液儿茶酚胺浓度均正常。尽管机制尚不清楚，但这些发现表明，早期人工心脏功能与显著的代谢应激有关，这种应激在1个月后会慢慢消失或变得可耐受。
