Meijer S N, Ockenden W A, Sweetman A, Breivik K, Grimalt J O, Jones K C
Environmental Science Department, Institute of Environmental and Natural Sciences, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK.
Environ Sci Technol. 2003 Feb 15;37(4):667-72. doi: 10.1021/es025809l.
This paper presents data from a survey of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) concentrations in 191 global background surface (0-5 cm) soils. Differences of up to 4 orders of magnitude were found between sites for PCBs. The lowest and highest PCB concentrations (26 and 97,000 pg/g dw) were found in samples from Greenland and mainland Europe (France, Germany, Poland), respectively. Background soil PCB concentrations were strongly influenced by proximity to source region and soil organic matter (SOM) content Most (>80%) of the estimated soil PCB burden remains in the "global source region" of the Northern Hemisphere (NH) temperate latitudes (30-60 degrees N) or in the OM-rich soils just north of that %SOM correlated with PCB and HCB in the global data set, with the correlation coefficients being greater for HCB and the lighter PCBs than for heavier homologues. OM-rich soils in the NH consistently contained the highest burdens; such soils are a key global compartment for these compounds. Evidence for global fractionation of PCBs was found in the subset of soils from latitudes north of the global source region but was not discerned with the global data set The full data set was used to estimate the burden for individual congeners/homologues in surface background soils and a global soil total PCB burden of 21,000 t. The significance of the inventory is briefly discussed in relation to the latest estimates of global production and atmospheric emission.
本文展示了一项对191份全球背景表层（0 - 5厘米）土壤中多氯联苯（PCBs）和六氯苯（HCB）浓度的调查数据。不同地点的多氯联苯浓度差异高达4个数量级。多氯联苯浓度最低值（26皮克/克干重）和最高值（97,000皮克/克干重）分别出现在格陵兰岛和欧洲大陆（法国、德国、波兰）的样本中。背景土壤中多氯联苯的浓度受与源区的距离以及土壤有机质（SOM）含量的强烈影响。估计的土壤多氯联苯负荷大部分（>80%）仍存在于北半球（NH）温带纬度（北纬30 - 60度）的“全球源区”或其以北富含有机物质的土壤中。在全球数据集中，%SOM与多氯联苯和六氯苯相关，六氯苯和较轻的多氯联苯的相关系数比重同系物的更大。北半球富含有机物质的土壤始终含有最高的负荷；这类土壤是这些化合物的关键全球储存库。在全球源区以北纬度的土壤子集中发现了多氯联苯全球分馏的证据，但在全球数据集中未识别出来。完整数据集用于估计表层背景土壤中各同系物/异构体的负荷以及全球土壤多氯联苯总负荷为21,000吨。结合全球生产和大气排放的最新估计简要讨论了该清单的意义。
