Hussain Shahid M, Kock Marc C J M, IJzermans Jan N M, Pattynama Peter M T, Hunink M G Myriam, Krestin Gabriel P
Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Dr Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Radiographics. 2003 Mar-Apr;23(2):505-20. doi: 10.1148/rg.232025063.
At many institutions, magnetic resonance (MR) angiography is the technique of choice for assessment of the renal arteries and renal parenchyma in potential living kidney donors. The renal arteries and renal veins have a varied anatomy and may consist of one or more vessels at several levels with variable calibers and levels of branching. These findings may play an important role in the surgeon's decision about which kidney to harvest, especially if laparoscopic nephrectomy is used. A comprehensive MR imaging protocol is used at one hospital to assess the arteries, veins, parenchyma, and collecting system of the kidneys. The protocol includes T2-weighted single-shot fast spin-echo imaging, fat-saturated T2-weighted fast spin-echo imaging, three-dimensional MR angiography and MR venography, and delayed fat-saturated three-dimensional T1-weighted gradient-echo imaging. Meticulous assessment of the source images as well as images produced with various postprocessing methods, such as full maximum intensity projection, targeted maximum intensity projection, and axial and oblique reformation, allows detailed description of the vascular anatomy and its relationship to the collecting system and parenchyma to facilitate the surgeon's decision making. The findings of MR imaging are comparable with those of other imaging modalities.
在许多机构中，磁共振（MR）血管造影是评估潜在活体肾供体肾动脉和肾实质的首选技术。肾动脉和肾静脉的解剖结构多样，在几个层面上可能由一条或多条血管组成，管径和分支水平各不相同。这些发现可能在外科医生决定摘取哪一侧肾脏时发挥重要作用，尤其是在采用腹腔镜肾切除术的情况下。一家医院采用了一套全面的MR成像方案来评估肾脏的动脉、静脉、实质和集合系统。该方案包括T2加权单次激发快速自旋回波成像、脂肪饱和T2加权快速自旋回波成像、三维MR血管造影和MR静脉造影，以及延迟脂肪饱和三维T1加权梯度回波成像。对源图像以及通过各种后处理方法（如全最大强度投影、靶向最大强度投影以及轴向和斜向重组）生成的图像进行细致评估，能够详细描述血管解剖结构及其与集合系统和实质的关系，从而便于外科医生做出决策。MR成像的结果与其他成像方式的结果具有可比性。
