Mayo Marlyn J
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, University of Texas Southwestern Medial Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75390-9151, USA.
Am J Med Sci. 2003 Mar;325(3):135-48. doi: 10.1097/00000441-200303000-00006.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) affects 1.8% of the American population, and approximately 38% of patients with HCV will manifest symptoms of at least 1 extrahepatic manifestation during the illness. Renal disease, neuropathy, lymphoma, and Sjögren syndrome with or without mixed cryoglobulinemia are all strongly associated with HCV infection. Porphyria cutanea tarda and diabetes have also been linked to HCV. Most extrahepatic manifestations of chronic HCV infection are immunological, and the chronic infection seems to be necessary for their development. The molecular study of the unique way in which the HCV virus interacts with the human immune system is beginning to provide plausible explanations of the pathogenic role of HCV in some of these syndromes, but many pathogenetic links remain completely obscure.
丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染了1.8%的美国人口，约38%的丙型肝炎患者在患病期间会出现至少一种肝外表现的症状。肾脏疾病、神经病变、淋巴瘤以及伴有或不伴有混合性冷球蛋白血症的干燥综合征均与HCV感染密切相关。迟发性皮肤卟啉症和糖尿病也与HCV有关。慢性HCV感染的大多数肝外表现是免疫性的，慢性感染似乎是这些表现发生的必要条件。对HCV病毒与人类免疫系统相互作用的独特方式进行的分子研究，开始为HCV在其中一些综合征中的致病作用提供合理的解释，但许多致病联系仍完全不清楚。
